Supraventricular Tachycardia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cause of Supraventricular Tachycardia? (3 steps)

A
  1. Electrical signal re-enters atria from ventricles
  2. Electrical signal goes thru AV node –> another ventricular contraction
  3. Loop of more n more ventricular contractions
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2
Q

What are the 3 types of SVT?

A
  1. AtrioVentricular NODAL Re-entrant Tachycardia
  2. AtrioVentricular Re-entrant Tachycardia
  3. Atrial Tachycardia
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3
Q

What is AtrioVentricular NODAL Re-entrant Tachycardia SVT?

A

When electrical signal re-enters via AV Node

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4
Q

What is AtrioVentricular Re-entrant Tachycardia SVT?

A

When electrical signal re-enters via Accessory pathway (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome)

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5
Q

What is Atrial Tachycardia SVT?

A

When there is ECTOPIC electrical signals (don’t originate in SA Node)

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6
Q

What are the ECG changes seen in Supraventricular Tachycardia? (4 things)

A
  1. Hidden P wave
  2. Narrow QRS complex
  3. Regular rhythm (unlike AF)
  4. Tachycardia obv
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7
Q

What are the clinical features of Supraventricular Tachycardia? (5 things)

A
  1. Syncope
  2. Sweating
  3. SOB
  4. Chest pain
  5. Palpitations
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8
Q

What are the management options for Supraventricular Tachycardia? (4 things) (in order)

A
  1. Valsalva Manoeuvre
  2. Carotid Sinus Massage
  3. Adenosine (antiarrhythmic) / Verapamil (calcium channel blocker) (alternative to adenosine)
  4. Cardioversion (if all above fails)
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9
Q

What is the Valsalva Manoeuvre?

A

Ask pt to blow hard against resistance (e.g into plastic syringe)

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10
Q

How does Adenosine work?

A

Interrupts AV node / accessory pathway –> resets heart bk to Normal Sinus Rhythm

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11
Q

What is scary about Adenosine?

A

Causes a period of asystole / bradycardia (feeling of dying / impending doom)

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12
Q

What are the CONTRAindications of Adenosine? (5 things)

A
  1. Asthma / COPD
  2. HF / Heart Block
  3. Severe HTN
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13
Q

What are the long term management options of Paroxysmal SVT (recurrent episodes)? (2 things)

A
  1. Medication
  2. Radiofrequency ablation
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14
Q

What are the MEDICAL long term management options for Paroxysmal SVT (recurrent episodes)? (3 things)

A
  1. Beta blockers
  2. Calcium channel blockers
  3. Amiodarone
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15
Q

What is Radiofrequency ablation?

A

Burns / scars part of heart to stop electrical signals from passing thru it

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16
Q

What type of SVT is Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome?

A

AtrioVentricular Re-entrant Tachycardia SVT?

17
Q

What is the cause of Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome?

A

An extra electrical pathway connecting atria + ventricles called Bundle of Kent

18
Q

What are the ECG changes seen in Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome (SVT)? (3 things)

A
  1. Short PR interval
  2. Delta wave (curved upstroke on start of QRS complex instead of right angle)
  3. Wide QRS complex
19
Q

What is the definitive treatment for Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome?

A

Radiofrequency ablation of the accessory pathway (Bundle of Kent)