Suprasegmentals pt2, Morphology Flashcards
a combination of pitch, loudness, and vowel length.
stress
One of the 3 types of stress: concerns with words where the placement on stress leads to lexical differences that are in
terms of meaning or word class
Lexical stress
One of the 3 types of stress: affect words whose stress pattern is dependent on their syntactic environment
Shift stress
is the study of word formation, including the ways new words are coined in the languages of
the world, and the way forms of words are varied depending on how they’re used in sentences
Morphology
Includes information, meaning
Content words
necessary words for grammar
Function words
a minimal unit of meaning or grammatical function.
Morphemes
is a fundamental property of language which makes it possible to combine all discrete units in various possible ways.
e.g. /b/ /I/ /n/ bin, nib
Discreteness
are morphemes that can be used in a sentence as a word on its own
Free morphemes
are unable to stand on their own
bound morphemes
the combination of a prefix and suffix that attach to a base simultaneously
circumfix
a word out of two or more root morphemes. The words are called compounds or
compound words. E.g. Mailman, Cupcake and Fireplace.
compounding
re formed by taking the initial letters of a phrase and making a word out of it. Acronyms
provide a way of turning a phrase into a word.
For example, BRB (Be Right Back) and FYI (For Your Information).
Acronyms
ignorance sometimes can be creative. A new word may enter the language because
of incorrect morphological analysis. Such as peddle which is derived from a peddler on the mistaken
assumption that the er was the agentive suffix. Such words are called back formations.
back-formations
abbreviations of longer words or phrases can be lexicalized. For instance, Prof for
Professors.
Abbreviations
similar to compounds but parts of the words that are combined are deleted. For
example, Infomercial from Info + mercial
blending
ew words with new meaning formed from root + derivational morpheme. E.g. ir + regular
=irregular.
Derivational
are words derived from paper names and are another of the many creative ways that the
vocabulary of language expands.
Eponyms
Refers to functional or grammatical changes in a word. Pluralization, Changing tenses, etcetera.
e.g. Pluralization of the word “cat” cat + s
Inflectional morpheme
is a general term in linguistics referring to the limitless ability to
use language—any natural language—to say new things.
Productivity
