Suprasegmentals and Prosody

Question 1

Suprasegmental

Answer 1

a phonetic effect that extends over more than one segment n an utterance

Question 2

Prosody

Answer 2

the class of all linguistic properties that exceed the segment level; suprasegmental properties that are potentially grammar-governed

Question 3

Isochrony

Answer 3

equal duration or “same time;” the impression of equalized or uniform duration of rhythmic units such as pairs of strong and weak syllables

Question 4

Stress-timed rhythm

Answer 4

form of speech rhythm having relatively constant intervals between stressed syllables

Question 5

Syllable-timed rhythm

Answer 5

form of speech rhythm having relatively constant syllable durations

Question 6

Lengthening

Answer 6

sound is prolonged

Question 7

shortening

Answer 7

sound that is brief in duration or abbreviated

Question 8

Pause

Answer 8

an interval of silence in an utterance

Question 9

Rising terminal juncture

Answer 9

juncture at end of an utterance in which pitch goes up, typically associated with interrogatives

Question 10

Falling terminal juncture

Answer 10

juncture at end of an utterance in which pitch goes down, typically associated with declarative statements

Question 11

Checked (held) juncture

Answer 11

juncture used to signal an intention to continue talking or express interest in another speaker’s utterance

Question 12

Open juncture

Answer 12

short pause or gap that separates phone boundaries in ambiguous or confusable utterances

Question 13

Internal Open Juncture

Answer 13

a pause or gap associated with boundaries between phrases

Question 14

Close juncture

Answer 14

transition between sounds that is associated with typical articulation and is not given any special mark for pause or interruption

Question 15

Lexical stress

Answer 15

stress pattern intrinsic to a word; can convey contrast in meaning in words

Question 16

Primary stress

Answer 16

highest level of stress in a word

Question 17

Secondary stress

Answer 17

level of stress that is intermediate between primary and tertiary stress

Question 18

Tertiary stress

Answer 18

lowest level of stress in an utterance

Question 19

Contrasive stress

Answer 19

stress pattern used when a speaker wishes to depart from the usual or expected pattern of stress in an utterance, as when attention is drawn to a particular word

Question 20

Intonational phrase

Answer 20

the pitch and rhythm contour associated with a (typically multisyllabic) sequence; contains one major peak with the highest pitch and stress

Question 21

speech rhythm

Answer 21

the sense of movement in speech, marked by stress, timing, and quantity of syllables