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END 207: Histology > Suprarenal (adrenal) gland > Flashcards

Suprarenal (adrenal) gland Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Capusle of Suprarenal gland

A

Thick & dense CT with Adipose tissue

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1
Q

cortex of suprarenal gland is divided into compratments by

A

Trabeculae

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2
Q

Reticular CT is stained ____with ___

A

brown with silver stain

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3
Q

Cortex of Suprarenal gland is divided into

A
  • Zona Glomerulosa (arches)
  • Zona Fasciculata (sticks)
  • Zona reticularis (deepest)
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4
Q

Narrowest zone of suprarenal gland Cortex

A

Zona glomerulosa

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5
Q

Widest Zone of suprarenal gland cortex

A

Zona Fasiculata

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6
Q

Deepest Zone of suprarenal gland cortex

A

Zona Reticularis

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7
Q

Types of cells lining Zona glomerulosa

A

Columnar cells (arranged in arched groups/ glomeruli)

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8
Q

Types of cells lining Zona Fasciculata

A

Polyhedral cells arranged in Narrow straight cords ( fascicles)

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9
Q

Types of cells lining Zona Reticularis

A

Polyhedral (same as Fasciculata) cells arranged in branching and anasatomosing cords

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10
Q

cells of Zona glomerulosa are seperated by

A

fenestrated capillaries

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11
Q

Cells of Zona Fascicularis are seperated by

A

Fenestrated capillaries

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12
Q

cells of Zona Reticularis are seperated by

A

Blood sinusoids

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13
Q

LM of Zona glomerulosa

A
  • Columnar cells
  • Basal Rounded nuclei (fareed mn no3o f columnar)
  • pale cytoplasm (may be acidophilic & may be basophilic)
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14
Q

LM of Zona Fasciculata

A
  • Polyhedral cells
  • Central rounded nuclei
  • some are binucleated & Acidophilic Vaculated cytoplasm called Spongiocytes
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15
Q

LM of Zona reticularis

A
  • Polyhedral cells
  • central rounded nucleus
  • Acidophilic cytoplasm
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16
Q

only cortical Zone where cells can have basophilic cytoplasm

A

Zona Glomerulosa

cells secreting Aldosterone (top one)

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17
Q

only cortical Zone where cells can be binuclated & called spongiocytes

A

Zona Fasciculata

Zone secreting cortisol (in the middle)

18
Q

EM of Zona Glomerulosa

A
  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi
  • sER
  • few fat droplets
19
Q

EM of Zona Fasciculata

A
  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi
  • sER
  • MANY fat droplets

Cortisol

20
Q

EM of Zona Reticularis

A
  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi
  • sER
  • few fat droplets
21
Q

Cortical zone with cells that have many Fat droplet

A

Zona Fasciculata

22
Q

only Cortical Zone not controlled by ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone)

A

Zona Glomerulosa
(controlled by Angiotensin II)

23
Q

Function of Zona Glomerulosa

A

Secrete Mineralocorticods (Aldosterone)

24
Q

Function of Zona Fasciculata

A

Glucocorticoid secretion (cortisol)

25
Q

Function of Zona Reticularis

A

Secrete Androgens & small amounts of glucocorticoids

26
Q

embryonic origin of Cortex of Suprarenal gland

A

Mesoderm

27
Q

embryonic origin of medulla of Suprarenal gland

A

neuroectoderm

same as posterior pitutary gland

28
Q

chromaffin cells of Medulla are seperated by

A

blood sinusoid

29
Q

what type of cells are chromaffin cells

A

Polyhedral modified sympathetic neurones

30
Q

LM of Chromaffin cells

A
  • Polyhedral
  • Basophilic cytoplasm
  • central rounded pale nucleus
31
Q

special stain for chromaffin cells

A

stains brown with chromium salts

+ve chromaffin

32
Q

EM of Chromaffin cells

A
  • mitochodria
  • GA
  • rER
  • granules
33
Q

types of chromaffin cells

A
  • Adrenaline secreting
  • Noradrenaline secreting
34
Q

compare between Adrenaline & Noradrenaline secreting cells

A
  • Adrenaline secreting are less dense than Noradrenaline secreting
  • Adrenaline secreting have homogenous granules (adrenaline fills all of the granule), noradrenaline secreting cells have peripheral clear halo
35
Q

Secretory granules of chromaffin cells contain___

A
  • Adrenaline/ Noradrenaline
  • enkephalins (opiate-like peptide)
36
Q

function of sympathetic nerve cells of medulla of suprarenal gland

A
  • stimulate secretory activity of chromaffin cells

innervated by preganglionic sympathetic fibers

37
Q

Function of Medulla of suprarenal gland

A
  • Secrete Adrenaline & noradrenaline in response to stress
  • small amounts are secreted during normal activity
38
Q

Chromaffin reaction is positive in ____

A
  • Chromaffin cells
  • Paraganglia
  • Argentaffin cells of GIT
39
Q

compare between cortex and medulla of Suprarenal gland

A
  • Cortex is mesodermal, medulla is neuroectodermal
  • Cortex has 3 zones (glomerulosa,fasciculata, reticularis), medulla has 2 cells (chromaffin & nerve cells)
  • Cortex is essential for life, medulla isn’t
  • Cortex gives negative chromaffin reaction, medulla gives positive
40
Q

def. of paraganglia

A

masses of Chromaffin cells around sympathetic ganglia, that secrete adrenaline & noradrenaline

41
Q

pheochromocytoma definition

A

tumour in Adrenal medulla resulting in excess secretion of Catecholamines with life threatening hypertension

42
Q

pheochromocytoma diagnosis

A

Increased level of Catecholamine metabolites in urine

END 207: Histology (5 decks)

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