supporting connective tissue

Question 1

diaphysis

Answer 1

main or midsection (shaft) of a long bone. It is made up of cortical bone and usually contains bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat)

Question 2

epiphysis

Answer 2

rounded end of a long bone, at its joint with adjacent bone

Question 3

metaphysis

Answer 3

wide portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the narrow diaphysis. It is considered a part of the growth plat

Question 4

epiphyseal line

Answer 4

e part of a bone that replaces the epiphyseal growth plate in long bones once a person reaches his full size

Question 5

marrow cavity

Answer 5

a hollow place or space

Question 6

trabeculae

Answer 6

Question 7

hayaline cartalage

Answer 7

is the most abundant type of cartilage. It is found in the trachea, portions of the larynx, the articular (joint) cartilage on bones, epiphyseal plates (discussed later in this chapter), and the fetal skeleton. It provides support through flexibility and resilience, and its extracellular matrix has a translucent appearance, with no clearly visible collagen fibers, when viewed in microscopic section ( figure 6.1 b ). Most hyaline cartilage is surrounded by a dense connective tissue covering called perichondrium

Question 8

elastic cartilage

Answer 8

contains highly branched elastic fibers (elastin)
within its extracellular matrix ( figure 6.1 d ). Elastic cartilage is typically found in regions requiring a highly flexible form of support, such as the auricle of the ear, the external auditory canal (canal in the ear where sound waves travel), and the epiglottis (part of the larynx). Elastic cartilage is surrounded by a perichondrium.

Question 9

Fibrocartilage

Answer 9

has an extracellular matrix with numerous thick collagen fibers that help resist both tensile (stretching) and compressional (compaction) forces ( figure 6.1 c ). Fibrocartilage can act as a shock absorber, and is located in regions of the body where these strengths are required, including the intervertebral discs (pads of fibrocartilage between the vertebrae), the menisci of the knee (pads of fibrocartilage between the tibia and femur), and the pubic symphysis (a pad of fibrocartilage between the two pubic bones). Fibrocartilage lacks a perichondrium because stress applied at the surface of the fibrocartilage would quickly destroy this layer.

Question 10

perichondrium

Answer 10

a layer of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the cartilage of developing bone