Support Systems Flashcards
(47 cards)
What is hydrostatic skeleton?
body supported by fluid filled structure such as coelom and blood in vessels
Disadv of hydrostatic skeleton?(3)
- Confine to water areas
- Limit movement
- limit growth
What is exoskeleton?
Hard waxy layer on outside of body made of calcium carbonate and chitin
Adv of exoskeleton(4)?
- Protect internal organs
- provide muscle attachment
- waxy cuticle prevent water loss
- protect from environment
Disadv of exoskeleton?(3)
- Moult to grow make vulnerable
- Internal breathing surface required
- Movement limited to joints
What is endoskeleton?
Bone and cartilage structure within body made of calcium salts
Adv of Endoskeleton?(4)
- Protect internal organs
- Provide muscle attachment
- grows with animal
- support and shape body
Disadv of Endoskeleton(1)?
- vulnerable to desiccation, heat and cold
Cranial bones(5) and Functions (3)
Frontal
occipital
Parietal
temporal
sphenoid
Functions:
Protect sense organs
protect brain
allow for head muscle attachment
Facial bones(4) and functions(4)
Nasal bones
Zygomatic arch
Maxilla
mandible
Functions:
Protect sense organs
allow for face muscle attachment
Gives shape to face
opening for food and air
What is foramen Magnum?
Opening at base of skull that allows spinal cord to pass through and connect to brain. middle-bipedal
back-quadrupedal
What is articular condyle?
Articulating surface on either side of articular condyle to articulate with C1
What is Fontanelle?
Membrane filled spaces in brain of baby: head to compress and growth of brain in infancy
What are ear bones called?
6- ossicles
How many teeth in adult?
32
Centrum function?
Absorb shock and support body
Neural arch function?
Allow for Vertebral foramen to form
Neural spine function?
Attachment of back muscles
Transverse process function?
Articulate with ribs and muscles
What is spinal canal?
Hole through which spinal cord passes and protects
Articular surface function?
Surface for articulation of tubercle and head of rib and superior articulating surface for vertebra above
How to Identify 3 Cervical vertabrea+ how many?
7
C1: Atlas- Large spinal canal and no neural spine or centrum
C2: Axis- odontoid process and forked neural spine
Neck vertebrae- forked neural spine and short transverse processes
How many Thoracic vertabrea and how to identify?
12
Large centrum, Neural spine and transverse section
How many lumbar vertebrae and how to identify?
5
Large centrum and small neural spine