supply of energy blue zone Flashcards
what does national scale mean
factors affecting supply and demand at a whole country level
what are the physical factors affecting energy supply
deposits of fossil fuels are only found in a limited number of locations.
large scale HEP development requires high precipitation, steep sided valleys and impermeable rock.
large power stations require flat land.
international agreements e.g. COP21.
solar needs a year with a high number of sunshine hours.
tidal power stations need a large tidal range.
what are the economic factors affecting energy supply
in LIC countries foreign direct investments is often needed to the development of energy resources.
Onshore deposits of oil and has are cheaper to develop than offshore developments.
what are the political factors affecting energy supply
Countries wanting to develop nuclear energy require permission from the International Atomic Energy AGENCY.
HEP schemes of rivers can impact the river flow downstream and other countries downstream may have to agree.
why has the use of energy changed over time
technological developments
increased wealth
changes in price
environmental factors
why have technological factors influenced the use of energy
nuclear energy only available since 1945, oil is extracting from deeper waters, renewable energy is advancing
why has increased wealth changed the use of energy
standard of living has improved, which involves increased use of energy
why has changes in price changed the use of energy
relative prices of energy can influence demand
why has environmental factors changed the use of energy
increased awareness f environmental impacts of energy sources compared to past
what is supply of energy influenced by
availability of resources
ability to harness resources
ability to purchase energy from abroad
the demand of energy is influenced by
population size
economic development
what is supply management
Ensuring the supplies are sufficient to meet demand.
what does the UK government try to do when managing the UK energy
The UK government tries to ensure supplies are from sustainable sources and offers grants for companies that are prepared to invest in renewables.
what does demand management mean
decrease the demand to match the limited supply
the UK government estimates that what % of energy in UK homes could be cut
56%
how does the government influence the demand for energy
taxation
what are the 8 factors influencing the supply and demand of energy
sustainability levels of development resource endowment climate world energy prices capital technology pollution
what is sustainability
meeting the needs t the present without compromising the ability of future generations to do the same
does sustainability influence supply or demand
supply
how does sustainability influence supply
switching to more sustainable energy and therefore increasing supply of more renewable energy
how much did china invest into renewable energy by 2020
£292 billion
how much of the CO2 in china is emitted due to burning coal
85%
does levels of development influence supply or demand
both
how does levels of development influence supply
as economies grow and more away from fossil fuels they start investing into renewables - HICs encouraging LICs to invest in renewables (helping educate Kenyans about geothermal energy)
how does levels of development influence demand
energy consumption rises as an country develops - due to rapid urbanisation
what has india tried to do as they develop
reduce reliance on imports and exploit coal reserves as these are the 5th largest in the world
what % of the aid to African energy goes towards using fossil fuels instead of renewables
60%
what is resource endowment
energy resources are not evenly distributed across countries and contents
does resource endowment influence supply or demand
supply
what % of the worlds oil supply’s does Saudi Arabia have
18%
where is HEP best
in mountainous areas with high levels of precipitation
what is the south china sea conflict
China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Taiwan, Malaysia and Brunei all have competing claims. Undiscovered natural resources near uninhabited islands of Paracels and Spratlys which China are trying to gain economic advantage
does climate affect supply or demand of energy
supply and demand
how does climate influence supply
renewables e.g. sunny countries have large supply of solar energy
how does climate influence demand
cold, darker countries use more energy for heating and lighting and therefore require more energy
how much of denmarks wind came from energy in 2015
42% (a 3% rise from 2014)
does world energy prices influence supply or demand
demand and supply
how does world energy prices influence demand
demand has been growing faster than demand causing prices to rise (led to technological developments to exploit resources)
when did the americans start investing in fracking
1960s
fracking helped cut American gas prices by how much?
60%
does capital influence supply or demand of energy
supply
how does capital affect energy
infrastructure is required to support energy supply
what was the cost of Hinkley point
£20 billion
how much did the construction of the keystone pipeline cost
$5.2 billion
does technology affect supply or demand
supply and demand
how does technology affect energy use
technology determines what type of energy is available
how does technology affect supply
extracting hydrocarbons from tar sands has seen an increase in supply of oil
how does technology influence demand
e.g. move to cars increased demand for petroleum
what did electric cars cause
a peak in electricity demand
does pollution affect supply or demand
supply
why does pollution affect supply
energy = pollution
when areas polluted energy cant be used
what happened at the Deepwater horizon
11 killed, contamination of water from 210 million gallons of oil and 2 million gallons of dispersants
