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Human Geography > supply of energy blue zone > Flashcards

supply of energy blue zone Flashcards

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1
Q

what does national scale mean

A

factors affecting supply and demand at a whole country level

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2
Q

what are the physical factors affecting energy supply

A

deposits of fossil fuels are only found in a limited number of locations.
large scale HEP development requires high precipitation, steep sided valleys and impermeable rock.
large power stations require flat land.
international agreements e.g. COP21.
solar needs a year with a high number of sunshine hours.
tidal power stations need a large tidal range.

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3
Q

what are the economic factors affecting energy supply

A

in LIC countries foreign direct investments is often needed to the development of energy resources.
Onshore deposits of oil and has are cheaper to develop than offshore developments.

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4
Q

what are the political factors affecting energy supply

A

Countries wanting to develop nuclear energy require permission from the International Atomic Energy AGENCY.
HEP schemes of rivers can impact the river flow downstream and other countries downstream may have to agree.

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5
Q

why has the use of energy changed over time

A

technological developments

increased wealth

changes in price

environmental factors

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6
Q

why have technological factors influenced the use of energy

A

nuclear energy only available since 1945, oil is extracting from deeper waters, renewable energy is advancing

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7
Q

why has increased wealth changed the use of energy

A

standard of living has improved, which involves increased use of energy

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8
Q

why has changes in price changed the use of energy

A

relative prices of energy can influence demand

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9
Q

why has environmental factors changed the use of energy

A

increased awareness f environmental impacts of energy sources compared to past

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10
Q

what is supply of energy influenced by

A

availability of resources
ability to harness resources
ability to purchase energy from abroad

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11
Q

the demand of energy is influenced by

A

population size

economic development

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12
Q

what is supply management

A

Ensuring the supplies are sufficient to meet demand.

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13
Q

what does the UK government try to do when managing the UK energy

A

The UK government tries to ensure supplies are from sustainable sources and offers grants for companies that are prepared to invest in renewables.

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14
Q

what does demand management mean

A

decrease the demand to match the limited supply

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15
Q

the UK government estimates that what % of energy in UK homes could be cut

A

56%

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16
Q

how does the government influence the demand for energy

A

taxation

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17
Q

what are the 8 factors influencing the supply and demand of energy

A 
sustainability
levels of development
resource endowment
climate
world energy prices
capital
technology
pollution
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18
Q

what is sustainability

A

meeting the needs t the present without compromising the ability of future generations to do the same

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19
Q

does sustainability influence supply or demand

A

supply

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20
Q

how does sustainability influence supply

A

switching to more sustainable energy and therefore increasing supply of more renewable energy

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21
Q

how much did china invest into renewable energy by 2020

A

£292 billion

22
Q

how much of the CO2 in china is emitted due to burning coal

A

85%

23
Q

does levels of development influence supply or demand

A

both

24
Q

how does levels of development influence supply

A

as economies grow and more away from fossil fuels they start investing into renewables - HICs encouraging LICs to invest in renewables (helping educate Kenyans about geothermal energy)

25
Q

how does levels of development influence demand

A

energy consumption rises as an country develops - due to rapid urbanisation

26
Q

what has india tried to do as they develop

A

reduce reliance on imports and exploit coal reserves as these are the 5th largest in the world

27
Q

what % of the aid to African energy goes towards using fossil fuels instead of renewables

A

60%

28
Q

what is resource endowment

A

energy resources are not evenly distributed across countries and contents

29
Q

does resource endowment influence supply or demand

A

supply

30
Q

what % of the worlds oil supply’s does Saudi Arabia have

A

18%

31
Q

where is HEP best

A

in mountainous areas with high levels of precipitation

32
Q

what is the south china sea conflict

A

China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Taiwan, Malaysia and Brunei all have competing claims. Undiscovered natural resources near uninhabited islands of Paracels and Spratlys which China are trying to gain economic advantage

33
Q

does climate affect supply or demand of energy

A

supply and demand

34
Q

how does climate influence supply

A

renewables e.g. sunny countries have large supply of solar energy

35
Q

how does climate influence demand

A

cold, darker countries use more energy for heating and lighting and therefore require more energy

36
Q

how much of denmarks wind came from energy in 2015

A

42% (a 3% rise from 2014)

37
Q

does world energy prices influence supply or demand

A

demand and supply

38
Q

how does world energy prices influence demand

A

demand has been growing faster than demand causing prices to rise (led to technological developments to exploit resources)

39
Q

when did the americans start investing in fracking

A

1960s

40
Q

fracking helped cut American gas prices by how much?

A

60%

41
Q

does capital influence supply or demand of energy

A

supply

42
Q

how does capital affect energy

A

infrastructure is required to support energy supply

43
Q

what was the cost of Hinkley point

A

£20 billion

44
Q

how much did the construction of the keystone pipeline cost

A

$5.2 billion

45
Q

does technology affect supply or demand

A

supply and demand

46
Q

how does technology affect energy use

A

technology determines what type of energy is available

47
Q

how does technology affect supply

A

extracting hydrocarbons from tar sands has seen an increase in supply of oil

48
Q

how does technology influence demand

A

e.g. move to cars increased demand for petroleum

49
Q

what did electric cars cause

A

a peak in electricity demand

50
Q

does pollution affect supply or demand

A

supply

51
Q

why does pollution affect supply

A

energy = pollution

when areas polluted energy cant be used

52
Q

what happened at the Deepwater horizon

A

11 killed, contamination of water from 210 million gallons of oil and 2 million gallons of dispersants

Human Geography (2 decks)

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