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Human Geography > nuclear power > Flashcards

nuclear power Flashcards

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1
Q

what is nuclear power

A

the use of nuclear reactors that release energy to generate heat

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2
Q

what are the two nuclear fuels

A

uranium and plutonium

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3
Q

how does nuclear power work

A

heat = steam in boiler
steam drives turbine
generator produces electricity

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4
Q

how many countries use nuclear power

A

31

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5
Q

why do only 31 countries use nuclear power

A

needs large investment as the building of station is expensive

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6
Q

why was there slow growth of nuclear power between 1990 - 2010

A

as stations where being decommissioned people feared nuclear

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7
Q

what % of nuclear power does the USA generate

A

32%

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8
Q

what percentage of the USA energy mix comes from nuclear

A

20%

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9
Q

what percentage of nuclear energy do france produce

A

17%

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10
Q

what percentage of nuclear power does russia produce

A

7%

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11
Q

which three countries produce the most nuclear energy

A

USA, France, Russia

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12
Q

how much of the french energy mix comes from nuclear

A

75%

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13
Q

what are the advantages of nuclear power

A

small amount of waste
no greenhouse gases
large reserves of uranium
relatively low running costs

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14
Q

what are the disadvantages of nuclear power

A

dangerous when it goes wrong
area dangerous for a long time after a spill
expensive to shut down reactors

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15
Q

what year did fuckishima happen

A

2011

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16
Q

where was fuckishima

A

japan

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17
Q

what happened at fuckishima

A

reactor exploded

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18
Q

how many people where evacuated at fuckishma

A

200,000

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19
Q

explain the fuckishima case study

A 
japan 2011
nuclear reactor explodes
200,000 evacuated
600 died 
Result of earthquake and tusnami
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20
Q

where is hinkley point

A

somerset

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21
Q

how many jobs did hinkley point generate

A

25,000

22
Q

what percentage of profits from hinkley point goes to UK companies

A

64%

23
Q

how much CO2 does hinkley point reduce a year

A

9 million tonnes

24
Q

where is chernobyl

A

ukraine

25
Q

when did chernobyl take place

A

1986

26
Q

what happened at chernobyl

A

a reactor exploded = fire = plume of highly reactive fallout flies into the atmosphere over a large area

27
Q

where did the plume from chernobyl go

A

western russia, europe, eastern north america with light nuclear rain falling as far as london

28
Q

Which European country is against nuclear power

A

Germany

29
Q

What physical events happened alongside fuckishma causing the reaction

A

Earthquakes and tusnami

30
Q

Which two country’s are paying for the construction of Hinckley point

A

China and France

31
Q

How much did China and France invest into Hinkley point

A

£20 billion

32
Q

How long does hinkley point take to be built

A

10 years

33
Q

Which countries get the remaining profits from hinkley point

A

Chin and France

34
Q

Why does nuclear increase a country’s energy security

A

The stations are reliable

35
Q

How many stations build up hinkley point

A

3 (ABC)

36
Q

What is happening to hinkley point A

A

Being decommissioned

37
Q

What is happening to hinkley point B

A

Built in 1960 still in use

38
Q

What is happening to hinkley point C

A

Being built (cost £20 billion)

39
Q

What is the problems with burnt uranium fuel

A

Toxic - hard to dispose of

40
Q

How many died as a result of fuckishma

A

600

41
Q

What happened to Germany’s nuclear power points after fuckishma

A

All stations where decommissioned

42
Q

Why did Germany decommission their stations

A

Scared due to fuckishma

Wanted to use renewables

43
Q

Why is nuclear not renewable

A

Because eventually the reserves of uranium and plutonium will run out meaning that it is not a renewable source - while development in technology might find other renewable fuels

44
Q

What are the reasons for an increase in nuclear

A

Cleaner energy than fossil fuels

Efficiency

Reliability

Growing demand / growing population

45
Q

WHy does efficiency increase the amount of nuclear used

A

Small amount of resource for large amount of energy

Reliable

46
Q

Why is reliability a reason for an increase in nuclear power

A

Production

Energy security

Government policy

47
Q

Why does a growing population increase the amount of nuclear used

A

Growth of LICs and HICs need to find ways to generate power with little resource there is increased demand for larger population.

48
Q

What are the reasons for a decrease in nuclear power

A

Cost

Fear of the hazards (Chernobyl)

49
Q

Why does cost cause a decrease in nuclear power

A

Building costs

Decommissioning costs

50
Q

Why does fear cause a decrease in nuclear power

A

Long term health problems

Causes areas to be dangerous when something goes wrong

Chernobyl disaster 1986

Human Geography (2 decks)

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