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cardiovascular and lymphatic system > supplementary terms > Flashcards

supplementary terms Flashcards

1
Q

The pulsing of the heart that can be felt over the apex in the fifth left
intercostal space (between the ribs) about 8 to 9 cm from the midline

A

APEX BEAT

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2
Q

The amount of blood pumped from the right or left ventricle per minute

A

CARDIAC OUTPUT

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3
Q

A vessel between the pulmonary artery and the aorta that bypasses
the lungs in fetal circulation. Failure to close after birth is called
patent (PA-tent) ductus arteriosus.

A

DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

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4
Q

An opening between the two atria that allows blood to bypass the lungs
in fetal circulation. Failure to close after birth results in a septal defect.

A

FORAMEN OVALE

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5
Q

Arterial sounds heard with a stethoscope during determination of
blood pressure with a cuff

A

KOROTKOFF SOUNDS

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6
Q

The passage of fluid, such as blood, through an organ or tissue

A

PERFUSION

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7
Q

The anterior region over the heart and the lower part of the thorax;
adjective

A

PERCORDIUM

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8
Q

The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

A

PULSE PRESSURE

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9
Q

A normal heart rhythm originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node

A

SINUS RHYTHM

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10
Q

The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle with each beat

A

STROKE VOLUME

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11
Q

Bearing down, as in childbirth or defecation, by attempting to exhale
forcefully with the nose and throat closed. This action has an effect
on the cardiovascular system.

A

VALSALVA MANEUVER

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12
Q

An abnormal sound heard in auscultation

A

BRUIT

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13
Q

Pathologic accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac. May result
from pericarditis or injury to the heart or great vessels.

A

CARDIAC TAMPONADE

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14
Q

Localized narrowing of the aorta

A

COARCTATION OF THE AORTA

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15
Q

A heartbeat that originates from some part of the heart other than the SA node

A

ECTOPIC BEAT

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16
Q

Premature contraction of the heart that occurs separately from the normal beat and originates from a part of the heart other than the SA node

A

EXTRASYSTOLE

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17
Q

Very rapid (200 to 300 beats per minute) but regular contractions, as
in the atria or the ventricles

A

FLUTTER

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18
Q

A condition of lower-than-normal blood pressure

A

HYPOTENSION

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19
Q

Pain in a muscle during exercise caused by inadequate blood supply.
The pain disappears with rest.

A

INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION

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20
Q

Movement of the cusps of the mitral valve into the left atrium when
the ventricles contract

A

MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE

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21
Q

Arteriosclerotic disease of the vessels, usually peripheral vessels

A

OCCLUSIVE VASCULAR DISEASE

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22
Q

A sensation of abnormally rapid or irregular heartbeat

A

PALPITATION

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23
Q

Edema that retains the impression of a finger pressed firmly into the
skin

A

PITTING EDEMA

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24
Q

Potentially fatal collagen disease causing inflammation of small visceral arteries. Symptoms depend on the organ affected.

A

POLYARTERITIS NODOSA

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25
Q

A disorder characterized by abnormal constriction of peripheral vessels
in the arms and legs on exposure to cold

A

RAYNAULD DISEASE

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26
Q

A backward flow, such as the backflow of blood through a defective
valve

A

REGURGITATION

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27
Q

Stoppage of normal blood normal flow, as of blood or urine.

A

STATIS

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28
Q

Growth of bacteria in a heart or valves previously damaged by rheumatic fever

A

SUBACUTE BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS (SBE)

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29
Q

A combination of four congenital heart abnormalities: pulmonary
artery stenosis, interventricular septal defect, displacement of the aorta to the right, right ventricular hypertrophy

A

TETRALOGY OF FALLOT

30
Q

Inflammation and thrombus formation resulting in occlusion of small vessels, especially in the legs. Most common in young men and correlated with heavy smoking.

A

THROMBOANGIITIS OBLITERANS

31
Q

Irregular outgrowths of bacteria on the heart valves; associated with
rheumatic fever

A

VEGETATION

32
Q

A cardiac arrhythmia consisting of tachycardia and a premature ventricular beat caused by an alternate conduction pathway

A

WOLFF-PARKINSON-WHITE SYNDROME (WPW)

33
Q

Passage of a catheter into the heart through a vessel to inject a contrast
medium for imaging, diagnosing abnormalities, obtaining samples,
or measuring pressure

A

CARDIAC CATHERIZATION

34
Q

Pressure in the superior vena cava

A

CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE (CVP)

35
Q

The photographic recording of fluoroscopic images of the heart and
large vessels using motion picture techniques

A

CINEANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY

36
Q

An imaging method used to study the rate and pattern of blood flow

A

DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

37
Q

Measurement of serum levels of enzymes that are released in increased
amounts from damaged heart tissue.

A

ENZYMES STUDIES

38
Q

Imaging of the heart after injection of a radioactive isotope.

A

HEART SCAN

39
Q

A portable device that can record up to 24 hours of an individual’s ECG readings during normal activity

A

HOLTER MONITOR

40
Q

An amino acid that at higher-than-normal levels in the blood is associated
with increased risk of cardiovascular disease

A

HOMOCYSTEINE

41
Q

Technician who specializes in drawing blood

A

PHLEBOTOMIST

42
Q

Electronic recording of heart sounds

A

PHONOCARDIOGRAPHY

43
Q

Measurement of changes in the size of a part based on the amount of
blood contained in or passing through it.

A

PLETHYSMOGRAPHY

44
Q

Pressure measured by a catheter in a branch of the pulmonary artery.
It is an indirect measure of pressure in the left atrium.

A

PULMONARY WEDGE PRESSURE (PWP)

45
Q

Evaluation of physical fitness by continuous ECG monitoring during
exercise.

A

STRESS TEST

46
Q

A cardiac catheter with a balloon at the tip that is used to measure
pulmonary arterial pressure

A

SWAN-GANZ CATHETER

47
Q

Use of an ultrasound transducer placed endoscopically into the
esophagus to obtain images of the heart

A

TRANSESOPHANGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY (TEE)

48
Q

Simple fats that circulate in the bloodstream

A

TRIGLYCERIDES

49
Q

X-ray study of the ventricles of the heart after introduction of an
opaque dye by means of a catheter

A

VENTRICULOGRAPHY

50
Q

Removal of atheromatous plaque from the lining of a vessel. May be done by open surgery or through the lumen of the vessel.

A

ATHERECTOMY

51
Q

Electronic device that detects arrhythmia and automatically delivers a
correct programmed shock.

A

AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR (AED)

52
Q

Surgical incision of a scarred mitral valve to increase the size of the
valve opening

A

COMMISUROTOMY

53
Q

Surgical removal of an embolus

A

EMBOLECTOMY

54
Q

A battery-powered device that can shock the heart during fibrillation
to restore a normal rhythm.

A

IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR (ICD)

55
Q

A mechanical-assist device that consists of an inflatable balloon
pump inserted through the femoral artery into the thoracic aorta.

A

INTRA-AORTIC BALLON PUMP (IABP)

56
Q

A pump that takes over the function of the left ventricle in delivering
blood into the systemic circuit

A

LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE (LVAD)

57
Q

A small metal device in the shape of a coil or slotted tube that is
placed inside an artery to keep the vessel open after balloon angioplasty

A

STENT

58
Q

A drug that lowers blood pressure by blocking the formation in the
blood of angiotensin II, a substance that normally acts to increase
blood pressure

A

ANGIOTESTIN- CONVERTING ENZYME (ACE) INHIBITOR

59
Q

A drug that blocks tissue receptors for angiotensin II

A

ANGIOTESTIN II RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST

60
Q

A drug that regulates the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat

A

ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT

61
Q

Drug that decreases the rate and strength of heart contractions

A

BETA -ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENT

62
Q

Drug that controls the rate and force of heart contraction by regulating
calcium entrance into the cells

A

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER

63
Q

A drug that slows and strengthens heart muscle contractions

A

DIGITALIS

64
Q

Drug that eliminates fluid by increasing the output of urine by the kidneys. Lowered blood volume decreases the workload of the heart.

A

DIURETIC

65
Q

Drug that lowers serum cholesterol

A

HYPOLIPEDEMIC AGENT

66
Q

A local anesthetic that is used intravenously to treat cardiac
arrhythmias

A

LIDOCAINE

67
Q

A drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris to dilate coronary
vessels

A

NITROGLYCERIN

68
Q

Drugs that act to lower lipids in the blood.

A

STATINS

69
Q

An enzyme used to dissolve blood clots

A

STREPTOKINASE

70
Q

A drug used to dissolve blood clots. It activates production of a substance
(plasmin) in the blood that normally dissolves clots.

A

TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR

71
Q

A drug that widens blood vessels and improves blood flow

A

VASODILATOR

cardiovascular and lymphatic system (4 decks)

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