Supplementary Flashcards
What are significant spinal cord levels or vertebrae levels
T5-L2: spinal cord segments innervate abdominal viscera
T5-T9 - epigastric region
T7 - referred pain from gallbladder
T10-T11 - umbilical region
T10 - belly button dermatome
T1-esophageal hiatus
T12-aortic hiatus
T12-L1-suprapubic
T12-L1: celiac trunk
L1-superior mesenteric artery
L3- Inferior mesentaric artery
L3 - subcostal line (divides epigastrium from umbilical)
L3 - where the horizontal portion of the duodenum is
L3-L4 - where the belly button is
L4 -aorta bifurcates
L5 - intertubercular line - separates umbilical from hypogastrium)
S3 - sigmoid becomes the rectum
What is the relationship of the superior mesenteric artery and vein?
Both run under the neck of the pancreas.
The superior mesenteric vein is on the right (hepatic portain vein is on the right of the aorta) and superior mesenteric artery is on the left.
where is lymphatic drainage of the anal canal above the pectinate line?
what about below?
Above the pectinate line:
Lymphatic drainage is via internal iliac nodes.
Wtf tho, it is supplied by the superior rectal artery and vein which are part of the portal system/inferior mesenteric. Sigh…
BELOW the pectinate line:
Lymphatic drainage is via the superficial inguinal nodes
(skin near the groin)
Describe sympathetics of the perineum
Preganglionic axons travel in lumbar splanchnics and then travel down and synapse in sacral paravertebral ganglia > exit grey communicans > continue through postganglionic axons which follow the pudendal nerves.
Which organs are originally peritoneal and STAY peritoneal
Stomach, liver+gallbladder, spleen, beginning of duodenum, tail of pancreas, (small bowel) jejunum + ileum, appendix, transverse colon, sigmoid colon
What organs were retroperitoneal to begin with and stay that way
Kidney (adrenal gland) Aorta Inferior vena cava Ureter Lower rectum Anal canal
Which organs were peritoneal and betrayed their kind to change sides
Most of the duodenum
Most of the pancreas
Ascending colon (right colic artery)
Descending colon (left colic artery)
Upper rectum.
