SUPERPOWERS: South China Sea Flashcards
how have political spheres of influence led to tensions over territory and physical resources in the South China Sea?
China has overtly stated its sphere of influence in South East Asia in a policy referred to as the Island China strategy.
China is actively pursuing a policy of controlling the ocean from its coast to the First Island Chain.
China uses island building to claim more land to advance its EEZ by artificially building islands or occupying deserted islands, especially in the Spratly Islands.
China claims control of 80% of the South China Sea, according to its ‘nine-dash line’
Island building is a direct attack on the UN Law of the Sea as construction is happening in areas that are disputed; Chins is taking control of places claimed by other countries.
China is challenging US naval and air hegemony in the area because its forces are concentrated in this region, whereas the US has forces across the world and most now take action to increase their forces in the South China Sea.
what is the economic importance of South China Sea?
US$3.37 trillion total trade passing through the South China Sea in 2016
Estimated 11 billion barrels of untapped oils and 190 trillion cubic feet of natural gas
30% of worlds trade passes through it
Estimated 11 billion barrels of untapped oils and 190 trillion cubic feet of natural gas
what is the political importance of South China Sea?
military bases on the islands in the South China Sea
timeline
2009- China submits a map showing the ‘nine-dash line’ to the UN
2012- China launched its first aircraft carrier into the South China Sea
2013- the Philippines presented its case to the international courts, Challenging China’s claims to the South China Sea
2013- China declared ‘Air Defence Identification Zone’ over contested land
2015- evidence of artificial islands being constructed in the Spratly Islands, including a runway for air transportation
2016- the international courts deliver its verdict, undermining China’s claims
