Superpowers Key Words Flashcards
Bipolar World and an example with date
Two superpowers exists, each with opposing ideologies, example: USA and USSR Cold War 1950-1990s.
Capitalism
The belief that individuals may gain wealth and status through business ventures, the hours they work and their skills
Colonialism
Act of gaining control, building an empire and exerting influence over other countries. Using its resources for trade and economic gain.
Communism
The belief that everyone in a population should be equal financially ,the property they own and politically.
Democracy
A political system where every member of the population has an equal vote
Dictatorship
One individual controls a country, rather than an elected government
Economic Alliances with examples
Trade Blocs that promote trade between members, offer each other financial assistance and loans and allow the migration of workers between states.
Examples:
NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) USA, Mexico and Canada.
EU (The European Union)
ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
Emerging Power
A country that has rapidly increased its influence and economic position in the world
Empire
A collection of countries, ruler over or influenced by a single government
Environmental alliances
Groups of countries that discuss and pledge to reduce GHG emissions and protect the natural environment
Franks Dependency theory
Simple:
Describes Neo-Colonialism and how a country can gain control over a Neo-Colony through exploitation and economic dependency
Detailed:
Frank believed that, TNC investment developing countries led to the exploitation of skilled labour and cheap raw materials, as well as creating international debt. Poorer countries did not have the resources, skills, or institutions that could help them resist exploitations. Some believe that the USAs influence over the WTO & IMF allow the country to benefit, to the detriment of developing countries. The implication of dependency theory is that some kind of revolutionary break would allow developing countries to have a voice; such a viewpoint would see the BRICS countries actions to establish a new development bank as an example of this kind of change.
Hard Power
Exerting a country’s influence over another through the use of economic or military intervention
Human Resources
The available workforce and skills of the population, which can contribute to a country’s status.
Intellectual Property
The ownership of ideas and designs, such as patents and copyrights
Mackinder’s Heartland Theory
Whoever controls the heartland (Russia, Eastern Europe and parts of South Asia) controls the majority of physical and Human Resources, and so will be a leading superpower.
