Superpowers Flashcards
Superpower
A superpower is a nation which is able to project it’s influence and be dominant on a global scale
Emerging power
A country with the potential to become a superpower with global economical and political reach
Regional power
A country with a dominant influence over countries in the same geographical region
Uni polar world
When there was only one suprpower
* british empire
Bi-polar
world exists when there are two superpowers
* USA and USSR
Multi - polar
There are multiple superpowers
* in the future ? eval
Factors that effect superpower status
- Physical reosurces
- Cultural influence
- military strength
- political power
- demographics
- economic power
- physical size and geographical position
Hard power
The use of economic and military power to try and force countries to behave in a certain way
Soft power
Use of political and cultural influence to try and persuade countries to behave in certain ways
Colonialisim
the act of gaining control , building an empire and exterting influence over other countries
Neo-coloniasim
The use of economic , political , cultural or other pressures to control or influence other countries
Sphere of influence
An area or territory beyond a country’s national borders where they have power but no formal authority
SAP
structual adjustment programmes
set of economic reforms that a country must adhere to in order to secure a loan from the IMF and/or world bank
Tension
Tension can arise over the act of obtaining physical reosurces where ownership os disputed and disagreemnts axist over exploitation
Hegemony
Supreme power or a country that is very domiant over others
Modernisation theory (Rostwos theory)
Suggest all countris have the potential to break the cycle of poverty and develop through 5 stages
1. Traditional society - economy based on bartering
2. Pre condions for take off - improved infastrcture and shift to manafacturing
3. Take off - industrial and regional growth
4. Drive to maturity - growth is supported through technoligical innovation
5. High mass consumption - consumer orientated society , dominant service secor , higher disposable incomes
Dependency theory
- developing countries rely on wealthier developed countries
- for trade
- persistant poverty if developing countris is due to there dependency on developed countries
- developed countries appy tarrifs on developing countries making exports hard
- *global system is now controlled by TNC *
World bank
- helps to reduce poverty through finanical assistance
- low interest rates
- can create further inequality
- creates a climate where high levels of lending are deemed to be goof
WTO
- promoted fair trade between nations
- rules that are not fabourable to developing countries
- as it promotes free trade developing countries may not be able to develop infant industries
