SUPERPOWERS

Question 1

Bipolar World

Answer 1

Two superpowers exist, each with opposing ideologies.

Question 2

Capitalism

Answer 2

The belief that individuals may gain wealth and status through business ventures, the hours they work and their skills.

Question 3

The Cold War

Answer 3

The act of gaining control, building an empire and exerting influence over other countries.

Question 4

Colonisalism

Answer 4

The belief that everyone in a population should be equal financially, the property they own and politically.

Question 5

Communism

Answer 5

The belief that everyone in a population should be equal financially, the property they own and politically.

Question 6

Capitalism

Answer 6

an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit.

Question 7

Democracy

Answer 7

A political system where every member of the population has an equal vote.

Question 8

Dictatorship

Answer 8

One individual controls a country, rather than an elected government.

Question 9

Economic Alliances

Answer 9

Trade blocs that promote trade between members, offer each other financial
assistance and loans and allow the migration of workers between states.

Question 10

Emerging States

Answer 10

Countries that have quickly gained influence, developed and have notable
culture. Emerging States may become superpowers in the future.

Question 11

Empire

Answer 11

A collection of countries, ruled over or influenced by a single government

Question 12

Environmental Alliances

Answer 12

Groups of countries that discuss and pledge to reduce greenhouse emissions and protect the natural environment.

Question 13

Frank’s Dependency Model

Answer 13

Describes neo-colonialism and how a country can gain control over a neo-colony through exploitation and economic dependency.

Question 14

FDI

Answer 14

The investment of money, infrastructure or assets by a foreign
government or business.

Question 15

Hard Power

Answer 15

Exerting a country’s influence over another through the use of economic or military intervention.

Question 16

Human Resources

Answer 16

The available workforce and skills of the population, which can contribute to a country’s status.

Question 17

Ideology

Answer 17

Beliefs and values that are shared within a population.

Question 18

Imperial Era

Answer 18

The period of 18th and 19th Century, when European states created empires, using hard power to rule over America, Africa and Asia.

Question 19

Intellectual Property

Answer 19

The ownership of ideas and designs, such as patents and copyrights.

Question 20

Mackinder’s Heartland Theory

Answer 20

Whoever controls the heartland (Russia, Eastern Europe and
parts of South Asia) controls the majority of physical and human resources, and so will be a leading superpower.

Question 21

Military Alliance

Answer 21

A group of states that share weapons & intelligence, offer military assistance and discuss international affairs such as terror attacks, national security, etc.

Question 22

Multi-Polar World

Answer 22

There are several superpowers, each with a characteristic strength, competing for global influence and status.

Question 23

Physical Resources

Answer 23

The natural assets such as fossil fuels, minerals or crops, that can be sold for profit or political gain.

Question 24

Rostow’s Modernisation Theory

Answer 24

The development of a country takes five stages of growth:
Traditional Society, Pre-Conditions for Take Off, Take Off, Drive to Maturity, Mass Consumption.

Question 25

Sanctions

Answer 25

Restrictions put into place against a country who breaks international law or agreements.

Question 26

Soft Power

Answer 26

Exerting a country’s influence over another through cultural diffusion, political reform and FDI.

Question 27

Spheres of Contest

Answer 27

Areas of competition for superpowers and emerging states, e.g. land ownership, intellectual property, state borders.

Question 28

Unipolar World

Answer 28

There is one superpower who dominates economically and politically.

Question 29

Wallerstein’s World Systems Theory

Answer 29

Describes the movement of raw materials and
manufactured goods between the core and periphery.