Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Superpowers > Flashcards

Superpowers Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

What is a superpower

A

A nation or organisation with the means to project its power ad influence as a dominant global force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the superpower attributes

A
  • Military strength
  • Political strength
  • Economic Strength
  • Cultural strength
  • Demographic
  • Access to resources
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is hard power

A
  • Using military and economic influences E.g Sanctions and war
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is soft power

A
  • Using more political and cultural influences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give 2 examples of regional powers

A
  • China
  • Usa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are geo-strategic policies

A

Securing needed resources both within the country and globally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Outline Mackinder’s ‘Heartland’ theory

A
  • Eastern part of the world has the most resources so whoever controls the eastern part of the world, Controls the ‘heartland’ (The World).
  • Meant they could control who and where the resources would go to
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a uni-polar world

A
  • One superpower controlling the world
  • E.g British Empire
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a Bipolar world

A
  • Two super powers against each other each one with supporting countries
  • E.g Russia and USA Cold war
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a multi-polar world

A

Lots of superpowers, each helping and trading with each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Case study Cold War
- What happened and between who

A
  • Russia and USA
  • 45 year standoff where both countries constantly threatened each other, becoming greater global superpowers throughout.
  • Spread military bases worldwide
  • Caused world to divide and align with either of the two countries through a period of multifaceted indirect control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Hegemony

A
  • Form of power gained trough consent
  • Superpower exerting dominance over another country and therefore gaining more power
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What brought the colonial era to an end

A
  • War = WWI + WWII and Cold War
  • Atlantic charter = Gives every nation the right to rule themselves
  • Empires losing power and stability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Neo-colonialism

A
  • Use of economic, political, cultural or other pressures to control other countries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

name 2 emerging powers

A
  • Japan
  • Mexico
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the G20

A
  • IGO made up of 19 countries + the EU
  • Works to address major issues related to global economy
  • E.g International financial stability, Climate change, Sustainable development
17
Q

Describe the main strengths and weaknesses of Russia as an emerging power

A

+ Natural resources
+ Military and nuclear power is strong
+ Large international Role

  • Ageing/ Declining population
  • Energy dependancy
  • Corruption
    -Unstable government
18
Q

Outline Roster’s modernisation theory

A

5 Stages of economic development:

1) Traditional society
2) Pre-conditions for takeoff
3) Take off
4) Drive to maturity
5) High mass consumption

  • Countries modernised at takeoff stage
  • Developed in 1950’s and 60’s
19
Q

Outline Frank’s dependancy theory

A
  • Developed in the 60’s, 70’s and 80’s
  • Blames relative underdevelopment of LIC’s and NEE’s on exploitation by HIC’s.
  • First through colonisation and then through Neo-colonialism
  • Every level of developing society is exploited by nearest urban area and nearest urban areas exploited by MEDC’s Metropolis
20
Q

What is a core region

A
  • A country that manufactures goods
21
Q

What is a periphery region

A
  • Country that produces food and raw materials
  • E.g Mexico, Brazil
22
Q

What is Free-market Capitalism

A
  • A free market where there are no sanctions on the market
23
Q

Why has free-market capitalism become the increasingly dominant economic system

A
  • Enables private ownership of a lot of things
  • The right to make a profit and accumulate any amount of wealth
  • Enables buying and selling of goods in a competitive free market with limited restrictions
24
Q

Name 3 IGO’s

A
  • IMF
  • World Bank
  • WEF
25
Q

What are the two types of TNC

A
  • Public led - E.g Amazon
  • State Led - E.g HSBC
26
Q

What is cultural globalisation

A
  • Spreading of a culture globally and it having influences on a country
  • E.g Chinatown
27
Q

What are sanctions and why are they imposed

A
  • Orders that a country receives that bans them from certain things
  • E.g can be diplomatic, economic, Military, sporting
  • Imposed in order to force a country back to the negotiating table
28
Q

What are 3 ways in which a superpower might intervene militarily in a foreign country

A
  • Global Police
  • Peacekeepers
  • Military observer group
29
Q

Name 3 Military alliances

A
  • EU
  • NATO
  • UN Security Council
30
Q

Name 3 economic alliances

A
  • EU
  • NATO
  • UN
31
Q

Name 3 recent crises that have warranted a global response

A
  • Russia invading Ukraine
  • Juba, Sudan -> 2004
  • Central African Republic -> 2013 -> Rebel Power
32
Q

What is Global security

A
  • A way of maintaining peace through applying sanctions, using military force and using peacekeepers
33
Q

What are the 4 pillars of global security

A
  • Political = UN Security council + UN peacekeeper forces 1945
  • Economic = IMF -> 1945 Washington DC
  • Social = UN agencies + World health organisation 1948
  • Judicial = International court of justice & international criminal court 1945 -> The Hague, Netherlands
34
Q

What is the UN Security council

A
  • 5 Permanent members -> China, France, Russia, UK and USA
  • 10 non-permanent members
35
Q

What is NATO

A
  • Largest organisation besides UN
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
  • Founded 1949
  • 28 members collectively account for most of the worlds nuclear weapons and firepower
  • Mutual defence agreement
  • USA makes NATO strong = NO one wants to fight them
36
Q

What is the collective security treaty

A
  • USSR former republic attached to its borders -> Much weaker than NATO
37
Q

What is the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation

A
  • Moving towards security cooperation
  • China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
38
Q

What is a sphere of influence

A
  • Claim by a state to exclusive or predominant control over a foreign area or territory

Or

  • A political claim to exclusive control which other nations may or may not recognise

Geography (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions