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NMS 1 > Superficial, Pathological, Visceral Reflexes, and Range of Motions > Flashcards

Superficial, Pathological, Visceral Reflexes, and Range of Motions Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial reflexes are different from deep tendon or muscle stretch reflexes in that:

A
  • The sensory signal has to reach the spinal cord and ascend the cord to the brain
  • The motor signal has to descend in the cord from the brain to the reach the motor neurons
  • Polysynaptic reflex
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2
Q

Superficial reflexes

A
  • Gag
  • Corneal blink
  • Epigastric
  • Upper/Middle/Lower abdominal
  • Cremasteric
  • Gluteal
  • Plantar
  • Anal
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3
Q

Segmental innervation of the gag reflex

A

C.N. IX, X

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4
Q

Segmental innervation of the corneal blink reflex

A

C.N. V, VII

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5
Q

Segmental innervation of the epigastric reflex

A

T5-T7

-Intercostal nerve

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6
Q

Segmental innervation of the upper abdominal reflex

A

T7-T9

-Intercostal nerve

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7
Q

Segmental innervation of the middle abdominal reflex

A

T9-T11

-Intercostal nerve

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8
Q

Segmental innervation of the lower abdominal reflex

A

T11-T12

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9
Q

What nerves control the lower abdominal reflex?

A

Intercostal, Iliohypogastric, Illioinguinal

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10
Q

Segmental innervation of the cremasteric reflex

A

L1-L2

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11
Q

Nerves that control the cremasteric reflex

A

Ilioinguinal

Genitofemoral

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12
Q

Segmental innervation of the gluteal reflex

A

L4-S2

-Inferior gluteal

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13
Q

Segmental innervation of the plantar reflex

A

L4-S2

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14
Q

Nerve that controls the plantar reflex

A

Tibial

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15
Q

Segmental innervation of the anal reflex

A

S2-S5

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16
Q

Normal and Abnormal Hoffman Sign

A

-Sharp forcible flick of thumb against patients middle finger
(N): Nothing
(A): Flexion of finger and adduction of thumb

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17
Q

Tromner Sign

A

-Tap the volmar (anterior) surface of the middle finger
(N): Nothing
(A): Flexion of the fingers and adduction of the thumb

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18
Q

Rossolimo Sign

A

-Tap the ball of the foot or tap the tips of the toes
(N): Nothing
(A): Plantar flexion of the toes

19
Q

Babinski Sign

A

-Stroke plantar foot from heel to metatarsals to big toe
(N): Plantar flexion of toes and feet
(A): Dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of other toes

20
Q

Chaddock Sign

A

-Stroke from lateral malleolus on heel to toe
(N): no motion to toes and foot
(A): Dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of the other toes

21
Q

Oppenheim Sign

A

-Stroke anterior tibial surface from superior to inferior
(N): no motion of toes and foot
(A): Dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of the other toes

22
Q

Gordon Sign

A

-Squeeze the calf
(N) no motion of the toes and foot. Plantar flexion
(A): Dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of the other toes

23
Q

Shaefer Sign

A

-Squeeze the achilles tendon
(N): no motion of the toes and foot
(A): Dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of other toes

24
Q

What do all (+) pathologic reflexes indicate?

A

Upper Motor Neuron Lesion

25
Q

Tromner Sign and Hoffmann sign both indicate a lesion in the corticospinal tract above ___

A

C5

26
Q

Ciliospinal Reflex

A

-Pinch the skin of the neck.
(N): Dilation of the pupil on the ipsilateral side
(A): No dilation (cervical sympathetic problem)

27
Q

Normal range for cervical flexion

A

60 degrees

28
Q

Normal range for cervical extension

A

75 degrees

29
Q

Normal range for cervical lateral bend

A

45 degrees

30
Q

Normal range for cervical rotation

A

80 degrees

31
Q

Normal range for thoracic flexion

A

20-45 degrees

32
Q

Normal range for thoracic extension

A

25-35 degrees

33
Q

Normal range for thoracic rotation

A

35-50 degrees

34
Q

Normal range for thoracic lateral flexion

A

20-40 degrees

35
Q

Normal range for shoulder flexion

A

180 degrees

36
Q

Normal range for shoulder extension

A

50 degrees

37
Q

Normal range for shoulder abduction

A

180 degrees

38
Q

Normal range for shoulder adduction

A

50 degrees

39
Q

Normal range for shoulder external rotation

A

90 degrees

40
Q

Normal range for shoulder internal rotation

A

90 degrees

41
Q

Normal range for elbow flexion

A

140-150 degrees

42
Q

Normal range for elbow extension

A

0-10 degrees

43
Q

Normal range for elbow supination

A

90 degrees

44
Q

Normal range for elbow pronation

A

90 degrees

NMS 1 (10 decks)

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