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NMS 1 > Quiz 3 (C.N. V-VIII) > Flashcards

Quiz 3 (C.N. V-VIII) Flashcards

1
Q

Sensory areas for V1

A

Surface of the eye, tear glands, scalp, forehead, upper eyelids

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2
Q

Common dysfunction of V1

A

Neuralgia

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3
Q

Common causes of V1 neuralgia

A

-Vascular loop compressing nerve root or occasionally MS -Cavernous sinus lesions -Superior orbital fissure lesions

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4
Q

Sensory areas for V2 and V3

A

Teeth, gums, lips, palate, and skin of the face

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5
Q

Motor areas of V2 and V3

A

Motor to muscles of mastication

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6
Q

Common dysfunction of mastication of V2 and V3

A

Neuropathy

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7
Q

Common causes of neuropathy for V2 and V3

A

-Lesions of cavernous sinus or superior orbital foramen -MS -Vascular loop -Carcinomatous or lymphomatus, meningitis -Connective tissue disorders -Meningiomas, schannomas or metastatic tumors at the skill base (like NF2)

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8
Q

Tests for C.N. V

A

-Corneal blink reflex -Sharp sensation on the face -Light touch sensation on the face -Inspect muscles of mastication for tone and strength -Jaw jerk reflex -General sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

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9
Q

Largest C.N. What divisions make up this nerve?

A

Trigeminal V1- Ophthalmic V2- Maxillary V3- Mandibular

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10
Q

Muscles of mastication

A

-Masseter -Temporalis -Pterygoid -Mylohyoid -Digastric

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11
Q

What movements of the jaw are accomplished by C.N. V?

A

All movements (elevation, depression, protrusion, retraction, and side-to-side movements)

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12
Q

The mandible upon opening deviates toward the ___________ side when there is unilateral paralysis of the masticatory muscles

A

Paralyzed side

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13
Q

Bilateral paralysis of the mandible indicates what type of lesion?

A

Bilateral corticobulbar lesion

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14
Q

Describe Jaw Jerk reflex

A

-Mouth begins partly open -Reflex hammer tapped on the chin just below the lips in a downward direction

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15
Q

Normal and abnormal findings of the Jaw Jerk reflex. What would an abnormal finding indicate?

A

Normal- little to no jaw movement Abnormal- quick snapping of the mouth Abnormal finding indicates upper motor neuron lesion

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16
Q

Formed by the union of V1, V2 and V3

A

Trigeminal (semilunar, Gasserian) ganglion

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17
Q

The dura of the anterior cranial fossa is supplied by this nerve

A

V1

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18
Q

V1 leaves the orbit through the ____________ and proceeds through the lateral wall of the _____________ in close relation to C.N.’s _________

A

Superior Orbital Fissure Cavernous sinus C.N. III, IV, VI

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19
Q

Supplies upper lip, lateral and posterior portions of nose, upper cheek, anterior temple, mucosa of nose, upper jaw, upper teeth, roof of mouth, and dura of part of the middle cranial fossa

A

V2

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20
Q

V2 leaves the ____________ fossa, passes thorough the ____________ and travels the inferior part of the _________ and enters the trigeminal ganglion

A

Pterygopalatine fossa Foramen rotundum Cavernous sinus

21
Q

Supplies lower lip, chin, posterior cheek, temple, external ear, mucosa of lower part of mouth, anterior 2/3 of the tongue, and portions of the dura of anterior and middle cranial fossae

A

V3

22
Q

Proprioceptive impulses of V3 are largely carried in the ______ nerve, which is incorporated into the V3

A

Motor

23
Q

V3 enters the cranium through the __________ and goes to the trigeminal ganglion

A

Foramen ovale

24
Q

How to test sensory of C.N. V

A

Light touch- can use fingertips or wisp of cotton. Pinprick- alternate pin and blunt sensation (go through all 3 divisions)

25
Q

How to do the corneal reflex of C.N. V

A

Wipe a clean wisp of cotton on the cornea

26
Q

Idiopathic, recurrent, sharp painful sensation in the V1, V2, V3 distribution

A

Trigeminal Neuralgia

27
Q

Follows dermatomes/divisions. Virus associated with chickenpox. Break outs occur with disease, medications, stress, aging, or stresses on the immune system

A

Herpes Zoster

28
Q

Lesion of the Cavernous sinus will affect what nerves?

A

III IV V VI

29
Q

Motor innervation to the muscles of expression and taste for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

A

C.N. VII

30
Q

Muscles supplied by VII

A

All the facial muscles (frontalis, orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, platysma, posterior belly of digastric, and the stapdius muscle)

31
Q

Partial to complete facial paralysis with smoothing of the brow, open eye, flat nasolabial fold, and drooping of the mouth ipsilateral to the lesion.

A

Nuclear or infranuclear (peripheral) lesions (Bell’s Palsy)

32
Q

Spare the brow and eyelid musculature; there is flattening of the nasolabial fold and drooping of the mouth contralateral to the lesion.

A

Supranuclear (central) lesions (Stroke)

33
Q

Name the pathology

A

Right sided Bell’s Palsy

34
Q

Name the pathology

A

Stroke

35
Q

75 year old female reports problems with her hearing since her last visit. Your initial assest saw Webers test lateralize to the right ear. Rinne showed:

Right ear 15 mastoid/ 35 EAM

Left ear 12 mastoid/12 EAM

What do your findings suggest?

A

Left ear has Neurosensory loss

36
Q

How to assess motor component of C.N. VII

A
  • Instruct patient to look up and check symmetry
  • Hame patient smile and check nasolabial folds
  • Puff out cheeks, don’t let me squeeze the air out
  • Note drooling, dysarthria, dysphagia
37
Q

How to assess sensory component of C.N. VII

A
  • Taste
  • With patients eyes close and tongue protruded, wipe a salt or sugar tip on lateral surface and side of the tongue and ask the patient to identify the taste without sticking their tongue in their mouth.
  • Rinse the mouth therely and repeat the test on the other side, using a different substance
38
Q

4 primary tastes

A

Bitter

Sweet

Sour

Salty

39
Q

Loss of taste. What other nerve should be assessed due to the rareness of C.N. VII affecting taste dysfunction?

A

Aguesia

Olfactory nerve should be assessed (C.N. VII causing aguesia is rare)

40
Q

Causes of Aguesia (C.N. VII)

A

Viral infection

Aging

Toxic

Metabolic disease

41
Q

A peripheral lesion of C.N. VII must be proximal to the __________ to affect taste.

A

Stylomastoid foramen

42
Q

Complete hemifacial paralysis without loss of taste in ipsilateral 2/3 anterior tongue confirms diagnosis of ___________

A

Bell’s Palsy

43
Q

How to assess C.N. VIII

A

Observation of the external ear

Observationof the internal ear

Rinne test

Weber test

Finger Rustle test

Schwabach test

Watch Tic test

44
Q

C.N. VIII has 2 components. The ______ nerve that detects head and body motion, and the _____ nerve that detects sound

A

Vestibular nerve = head and body motion

Cochlear nerve = sound

45
Q

Primary receptors of the vestibular portion of C.N. VIII are _________________ that detect _____________ and the ______________ that detect ________________

A

Semicircular canals

Angular acceleration

Otolithic organs

Linear acceleration

46
Q

The _____________ receives auditory signals and conveys its information via the cochlear portion

A

Organ of Corti

47
Q

Processes that affect the receptors or C.N. VIII will cause these symptoms

A
  • Hearing loss
  • Tinnitus (ringing ears)
  • Otalgia (ear pain)
  • Vertigo (dizziness)
  • Oscillopsia (images in visual field jump to vestibular mechanism)
  • Disequilibrium
48
Q

How to assess Cochlear portion of C.N. VIII

A

Finger rustle

Watch tic

Rinne

Weber

Schwabach

NMS 1 (10 decks)

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