Superficial Mycoses

Question 1

in many cases a specific diagnosis can be made based on fungal ________ in tissue, so skin scrapings or biopsies are best method

Answer 1

morphology

Question 2

unicellular form of fungi, reproduce by budding

Answer 2

yeast

Question 3

multicellular filamentous colonies

Answer 3

molds

Question 4

branching structures of molds

Answer 4

hyphae

Question 5

both mold and yeast forms

Answer 5

dimorphic

Question 6

the fruiting body characteristic of molds, which disseminates spores, used to classify molds

Answer 6

conidiaphore

Question 7

• occurs on head/scalp
• associated with lymphadenopathy, alopecia, scaling
• ectothrix: fungal spores and hyphae cover outside of hari
• endothrix: invasion, hair shaft filled with fungal branches, do not fluoresce with Wood’s light (blue histo pic)

Answer 7

tinea capitus

Question 8

• nail infection in elderly
• treat with metholatum deep heating rub and oral drugs
• red (rubrum) on underside, white colonies
• microconidia instead of macroconidia

Answer 8

trichophyton rubrum

Question 9

• causes candidiasis, most common cause of fungal infection
• intertrigo (skin folds), paronychia (nail bed), diaper rash, vulvovaginitis, thrush (oral), esophagitis, systemic in immunocompromised
• commensal fungus
• stains with calcifluor white

Answer 9

candidiasis (yeast infection)

Question 10

• oral candidiasis, white patches can be scraped off, common in HIV patients
• biofilm protection and adherence
• calcifluor white - fluroescent, pesudohyphae indicate invasion and budding
• PAS stain: bright pink/magenta

Answer 10

thrush, oral candidiasis

Question 11

• causes sporotrichosis, found on roses, can have extensive spread
• dissemination to lungs, in AIDS patients

Answer 11

sporothrix schenckii

Question 12

• chronic skin infection from fungi in soil and decaying vegetables
• copper penny stain, sclerotic bodies

Answer 12

chromomycosis (fonsecaea pedrosi)

Question 13

• dimorphic, Mississippi and Ohio rivers, great lakes
• disturbance of soil - infectious aerosols - inhalation or broken skin
• abrupt productive cough, headache, chest pain, fever, abdominal pain, upper lobes
• large base budding yeasts with double contours, granulomas with yeast inside giant cells, epithelial hyperplasia, Calcifluor white and PAS

Answer 13

blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 14

treatment for superficial fungal infections?

Answer 14

• OTC miconazole
• nails: griseofulvin
• systemic anti fungals in complicated cases, dimorphic always require systemic