Intestinal and Urogenital Protozoa Flashcards
1
Q
-reside in large intestine or oral cavity, cysts are hardy and responsible for transmission
A
non pathogenic amoebae
2
Q
- carrier state common in 3rd world, causes dysentery and GI bleeding in susceptible host, may mimic GI carcinoma
- can perforate mucosa and disseminate widely, most common in tropic is liver abscess
A
entameoba histolytica
3
Q
- RBCs in cytoplasm, PAS - pomegranate, anchovy paste
- colonic ulcers
- cysts/trophozoites in feces/soil/water - flies transfer - contaminate food and water - excystation to release trophozoites in intestine - cysts reproduction
- lack mitochondria, obligate glucose fermenters
A
entamoeba histolytica
4
Q
- cysts transmitted by ingestion, release in small intestine –> severe non invasive diarrhea (blocks absorption)
- unfiltered water or rural streams
- decreased brush border enzymes, microvilli damage epithelia, antigenic variation
- secretory IgA and IL-6 important for clearance
- iodine stain oval cysts, trichrome stain shows pear shape with flagella and two nuclei
- oral rehydration, metronidazole (flagyl), water filtration
A
giardiasis
5
Q
- ingestion of contaminated water or respiratory secretions (swimming pools)
- resistant oocytsts, ingestion/inhalation, replication in gut or lungs, diarrhea
- host: human cattle, dogs, cats - transfer to humasn, HIV risk factor
- acid activation, sporozoite release, actin polymerization, engulfed by enterocytes into vacuole, sodium malabsoprtion, chloride secretion, permeable tight junction –> watery diarrhea
- acid fast stain of stool, AFB stain
- no treatment, just cell immunity
A
cryptosporidiosis
6
Q
- most common protozoa in US
- no cyst form, resides in lower genital tract and prostate, sexually transmitted
- purulent foamy discharge and pain, strawberry cervix, elevated pH
- clue cells: blue blobs adherent to pink epithelial cells
- wet prep neutros, diamond media culture
- treat: metronidazole
A
trichomoniasis
