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Term 1 Anatomy > Superficial Back and Shoulder > Flashcards

Superficial Back and Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

How many sacral vertebrae?

A

5

fused

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2
Q

How many coccygeal vertebrae?

A

1-3

fused

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3
Q

What makes up the shoulder girldle?

A

Scapula and clavicle

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4
Q

Distal attachments of the Trapezius muscle

A

Spine of the scapula
Acromion
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

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5
Q

Actions of the Trapezius muscle

A

Retracts
Elevates (shrugging) and
Depresses scapula

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6
Q

Innervation of the Trapezius muscle

A

Spinal accessory nerve

Cranial nerve XI

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7
Q

Arterial supply of the Trapezius muscle

A

Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

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8
Q

Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery also supplies

A

Rhomboids

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9
Q

Rhomboids
Names
Where do they arise and attach?

A

Rhomboid major and minor
Arise from medial border of scapula
Attach to upper thoracic vertebrae

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10
Q

What can be used to differentiate the rhomboids?

A

The beginning of the spine of the scapula

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11
Q

Which rhomboid is located more inferiorly?

A

Rhomboid major

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12
Q

Nerve supply to the rhomboids

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

Comes primarily from cervical spinal nerve C5

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13
Q

Action of the rhomboids

A

Retraction and rotation of the scapula

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14
Q

Levator scapulae comes from

attaches to

A

the superior angle of the scapula and attaches into the sides (transverse processes) of cervical vertebrae

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15
Q

Function of levator scapulae

A

Elevates the scapula

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16
Q

Nerve supply of levator scapulae

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

Comes primarily from cervical spinal nerve C5

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17
Q

Test for rhomboids

A

Tell patients to put hands in gluteal region and move elbows close to each other

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18
Q

Triangle of auscultation

A

On medial side of inferior angle of scapula

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19
Q

Deltoid attachments

A

Same attachments as trapezius
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Acromion
Spine of scapula

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20
Q

Deltoid actions

A
  1. Flexion (anterior) and abduction
  2. Abduction
  3. Extension (posterior) and abduction

Also medially and laterally rotates humerus

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21
Q

Deltoid does NOT participate in the abduction of the shoulder joint for

A

15 degrees

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22
Q

Deltoid test

A

Abduct the arm beyond 15 degrees against your hand

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23
Q

Abduction beyond 90 degrees must be accomplished by

A

rotation of the scapula

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24
Q

Serratus anterior
arises from
attaches to

A

arises from ribs 1-8 on the side

goes underneath the scapula and inserts on medial border

25
Q

Serratus anterior actions

A

Holds scapula in place against thoracic wall

26
Q

Winged scapula indicates loss of function of

A

Serratus anterior

27
Q

Serratus anterior nerve supply

A

long thoracic nerve

C5, 6 and 7 wing your way to heaven

28
Q

Winged Scapula test

A

Ask patient to push against wall

Normal- wont wing out

29
Q

Full abduction muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Deltoid
Serratus anterior and trapezius

30
Q

Supraspinatus abduction

A

0-15 degrees

31
Q

Deltoid abduction

A

15-90 degrees

32
Q

Serratus anterior and trapezius abduction

A

Rotation of scapula

33
Q

Climbing muscles

A

Teres major and Latissimus dorsi

34
Q

Teres major

Attachments

A

Attaches from lateral border of scapula to medial lip of bicipital groove on humerus

Attaches posteriorly

Round shape

35
Q

Latissimus dorsi

Attachments

A

Attaches from dorsum of back (T6-L5 and lumbosacral fascia) to floor of bicipital groove

Attaches anteriorly

36
Q

Climbing muscles actions

A

Important when you bring your body closer to your arms
Monkey bars
Cant use axillary crutches
These muscles may be used to adduct the arm and elevate the body
Medial rotation of the humerus

37
Q

Latissimus dorsi innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

Middle subscapular nerve

38
Q

Teres major innervation

A

Lower subscapular nerve

39
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

40
Q

What do the rotator cuff muscles do?

A

Surround the head of the humerus

Participate in the rotation of the glenohumeral joint

41
Q

Subscapularis muscle

Attachments

A

On anterior surface of the scapula

Attaches to the lesser tuberosity of the humerus

42
Q

Subscapularis muscle action

A

Medially rotates humerus

43
Q

Subscapularis dislocation

A

Will become stretched and taut if the head of the humerus is dislocated posteriorly

44
Q

Infraspinatus and teres minor location

A

Located on the posterior aspect and lateral border of the scapula

45
Q

Infraspinatus and teres minor attachment

A

Attach into the greater tuberosity of the humerus

46
Q

Infraspinatus and teres minor action

A

Lateral rotation of the humerus

47
Q

Infraspinatus and teres minor dislocation

A

Will become stretched and taut if the head of the humerus is dislocated anteriorly

48
Q

Supraspinatus

Rotation

A

does not participate in the rotation of the humerus

49
Q

Supraspinatus location

A

Arises from within the supraspinous fossa

Its tendon will pass inferior to the acromion process and attach into the superior facet of the greater tuberosity of the humerus

50
Q

Supraspinatus function

A

initiates the motion of abduction of the arm

initial phase 0-15 degrees

51
Q

Subacromial bursa

A

positioned between the acromion and the supraspinatus muscle

protects the muscle from rubbing against the acromion process

52
Q

Injuries of rotator cuff muscle

A

Each of the rotator cuff muscles may be stretched and torn if the head of the humerus is moved in the opposite direction

53
Q

Posterior dislocation

A

Subscapularis gets stretched

54
Q

Anterior dislocation

A

Infraspinatus gets stretched

55
Q

Dislocation in the superior direction

A

Acromion process and the associated acromioclavicular ligaments prevent this

56
Q

Most commonly torn rotator cuff muscle

A

Supraspinatus

57
Q

Subacromial bursa

Location

A

positioned between the acromion and the tendon of supraspinatus

may be continuous with the subdeltoid bursa

58
Q

Subdeltoid bursa

Location

A

Positioned between the greater tubercule of the humerus and the deltoid muscle

Terms used interchangeably

59
Q

Subacromial bursa is in communication with

A

synovial sac of glenohumeral joint

may be a separate entity

Term 1 Anatomy (2 decks)

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