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Astronomy > Sun 2 > Flashcards

Sun 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What source of energy powers the sun

A

Nuclear reactions

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2
Q

WhT is the strong force a result of

A

Interactions between quarks and massless force carrier particles called gluons

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3
Q

What color can quarks and gluons be

A

Red, green or blue

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4
Q

The color of the quark determines….

A

How it interacts

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5
Q

The strong force ____ with distance

A

Increases

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6
Q

What happens when you pull quarks apart with the strong force

A

So much energy is needs to counter the force that a new quark is created p

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7
Q

Quarks are allows found ____

A

In groups

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8
Q

What is a hadron

A

Group of quarks

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9
Q

What is the most implant example of a hadron

A

Protons and neutrons

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10
Q

What is the nuclear force

A

A residual of the strong force

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11
Q

The nuclear force keep_____ together

A

Atomic nuclei

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12
Q

What causes the nuclear force

A

The collection of quarks is colorless however when a tiny bit of color leaks outside the nuclear force is caused

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13
Q

The unclear force is ____ at very short distances

A

Repulsive

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14
Q

The weak force causes

A

Flavor change, particles change from one to another

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15
Q

What can the weak force cause

A

Beta decay

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16
Q

What is the weak force

A

Interactions between subatomic particles and three force carriers, W+, W- and Z bosons

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17
Q

What are leptons

A

Elementary particles that do not experience the strong force

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18
Q

Hadrons can be divided into

A

Baryons and mesons

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19
Q

Baryons have ___ quarks

A

3

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20
Q

Mesons have ____ quarks

21
Q

Protons and neutrons are

22
Q

What are fermions

A

Particles that have spins with a 1/2 in them like 1 1/2, 2 1/2

23
Q

What are bosons

A

Particles with integer spins like 0,1,2,3

24
Q

Fermions experience the

A

Pauli exclusion principal

25
What is the Pauli exclusion principle
When two fermions cannot occupy the exact same quantum state
26
All the force carrier particles are
Bosons
27
All leptons are
Fermions
28
A proton is made up of
2 up quarks and 1 down quark
29
A neutron is made up of
1 up quark and 2 down quarks
30
Which element has the most stable nucleus
Iron
31
What are the two ways to move towards higher stability
Fusion and fission
32
What is fission
Splitting the nuclei
33
What is fusion
Combing nuclei
34
What is the Coulomb barrier(electric repulsion)
The closer two protons get, the stronger the repulsive electric force
35
How does the sun generate energy
The proton proton chain
36
The sun is made up of
Plasma, ionized gas
37
Pressure in a fixed volume of gas increases with
Temp
38
Pressure in a fixed volume increases with
More particles
39
What is a hydrostatic equilibrium
Outward pressure is balanced by inward gravity
40
What is energy transport
Conduction, direct collisions of atoms and molecules
41
What is convection
Hot air rises, cool air sinks, transfers energy upward
42
What is a random walk
Each time a photon gets scattered or absorbed and remitted it changes direction
43
Energy transport: radiation
Photons created by the sun slowly move outward constantly getting absorbed and remitted by gas particles
44
Photons ___ out of the sun
Random walk
45
Neutrinos ____ out of the sun
Stream directly
46
What is needed in order for two protons to fuse
High temps
47
What is the overall process of fusing hydrogen into helium
4 free protons fuse into a helium nucleus
48
As we move outward in the sun what increases
Hydrogen fraction, cumulative luminosity
49
As we move outward in the sun what decreases
Temp, density

Astronomy (13 decks)

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