Summit Conferences 1985-86 Flashcards
1
Q
What happened at the Geneva Conference and when was it?
A
- 1985
- Reagan would not give up commitment to SDI
- agreed to speed up arms talks, work towards abolition of chemical weapons, more active on human rights
- amicable despite poor relations and another meeting set
2
Q
What happened at the Reykjavik meeting and when was it?
A
- 1986
- agreed to reductions in nuclear arsenals
- tension over SDI
- superpower relations looked bleak
- Reagan’s insistence on SDI broke down agreement
3
Q
What happened at the third summit in December and what was the INF treaty?
A
- 1987
- INF treaty agreed
- treaty eliminated nuclear and conventional ground launched ballistic and cruise missiles
- treaty meant they could inspect each other’s military installations
4
Q
When was INF signed and what was START1
A
- signed in 1988
- CFE agreed and Treaty for the reduction and limitation of Strategic Arms (START1) in 1991
5
Q
What was the Carter Doctrine and when was it made?
A
- Carter Doctrine was a policy that stated USA would use military force to defend its national interests in the Persian Gulf region
6
Q
Olympic boycotts
A
- boycotted each other’s olympics which increased tensions in 1980
7
Q
End of detente
A
- Invasion of Afghanistan brought around the end of detente in 1980
8
Q
Reagan’s attitude to foreign policy
A
- Reagan was anti communist and change of policy was called ‘second cold war’
- keen to increase USA defence spending
- eradicate humiliation of loss of Vietnam war
9
Q
Reagan’s defence policy
A
- US defence programs between 1981-87
- cost more than a trillion dollars including lots of nuclear weaponry advancement
- worsened relations
10
Q
What was NUTS and MAD
A
- NUTS= Nuclear utilisation target selection (directing weapons at warheads insisted of cities)
- MAD= mutually assured destruction (had same level of weaponry so no one could fight)
11
Q
What was the Zero option?
A
- 1981, Reagan proposed zero option
- Zero option= cancel deployment of US missiles in Western Europe for USSR dismantling of similar forces
- Reagan called the USSR ‘an evil empire’ in 1982
12
Q
What was SDI
A
- 1983
- laser space based anti ballistic missile system that would shield against missiles and destroy them in the process
