Summer review Flashcards
Which letters represent Mass Number and Atomic Number?
Mass Number: A
Atomic Number: Z
Oxyanions
Polyatomic ions containing:
-1 or more OXYGEN atoms
-another NONMETAL atom
Naming oxyanions
-ate is given when number of oxygen atoms is GREATER
-ite is given when number oxygen atoms is LESSER
Naming acids without oxygen
- identify anion.
- replace ending with -ic
- add prefix hydro and end with acid
EX:
chloride
chloric
hydrochloric acid
Law of Definite Proportion
the mass ratio of elements in a compound is CONSTANT (regardless of quantity, source, method of preparation)
Law of Multiple Proportion
when 2 elements form a series of compounds (like CO and CO2), the ratio of MASSES of the SECOND atom combined with 1g of the first atom can be reduced to a whole number.
example:
CO is 1g carbon to 1.33g O
CO2 is 1g carbon to 2.67g O
2.67g/1.33g= 2
Mass and charge of electron, proton, and neutron
Electron:
-1
0
Proton:
+1
1
Neutron:
0
1
Mass Spectrometry
analytical tool used to measure m/z (mass to charge ratio) of 1 or more molecules
used to calculate molecular weight
1 gram is how many amu?
6.022 x 10^23 amu
Limiting Reactants
the substance that runs out first/produces less product is the limiting reactant, meaning that it determines how much of the solution can be made
Percent yield
The actual yield of product is often given as a percent age of the theoretical yield.
Theoretical yield
amount of product formed when limiting reactant is completely consumed (used to predict percent yield but often not correct bc of side reactants)
Equation to find percent yield
(Actual yield)/(Theoretical yield) x 100% = percent yield
how to convert grams to mol
1g=1 mol/gmf
Ex:
2g H20=1mol/18g H20
26
Binary compound
compound that contains only two KINDS of atoms
