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GRM > Summer Exam > Flashcards

Summer Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is Ancient roam?

A

Allows you to view, annotate, save and print historical ordnance survey maps for the 1840’s to 1990’s.

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2
Q

The area and distance of skomer Island and Dalmeny station

A

3km2 & 3km

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3
Q

What does a bivariate table look like?

A

Case down the side, x and y along the top

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4
Q

What does a multivariate table look like?

A

Cases along the side, with multiple y and X1, x2, x3 etc

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5
Q

Quantifying how the scatter of points is to a linear form using the correlation coefficient. What does this look like?

A

-1

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6
Q

Where b0b1 are the best unbiased estimates of the true unknown values, y hat is the best estimate of what?

A

The true Y

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7
Q

For every point in the scatter plot, an error exists which is the difference between what?

A

The fitted y value, y hat, and the observed y value yo for each point value Xi

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8
Q

All lines in the scatter plot give an error but one gives the minimum error and that is?

A

The best fit linear model

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9
Q

What does the regression table tell you?

A

This tells you about the equation and hence the form of the model being fitted. Coefficients, b0 & b1.

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10
Q

In the regression table, R = what?

A

Correlation coefficient.

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11
Q

In the regression table, R squared = what?

A

R squared * 100. % variation in Y explained by X

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12
Q

In the analysis of variance. The variation in Y is what?

A

= unexplained + explained.

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13
Q

What does the analysis of variance table allow us to see?

A

To see if significant % of the variance in y explained by the model.

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14
Q

If the F value is greater than 4, and the associated p value is less than 0.05 then the interpretation is said to be?

A

Said to be statistically sound and it explains a significant amount of the variation in Y.

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15
Q

Anscombe data charts. How many and what do they look like?

A

4 graphs.
A= |/_ (standard graph) with dots either side of line.
B= (standard graph) with dots in a curve, up and over the line.
C= (standard graph) with dots below the line except a couple/one above.
D= (standard graph) with a vertical line of dots going through the line.

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16
Q

What is a residual?

A

(Yi - Y hat i)

The difference between the he observed and estimated is the residual. All points have an associated residual.

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17
Q

The regression equation actually describes a ?

A

A multi dimensional hyper-plane.

18
Q

Does correlation imply causality?

A

No

19
Q

What is toblers law?

A

The nearer things are, the more likely to be related than more distant things, this implies we have a spatial autocorrelation in the data.

20
Q

Are semi structured/unstructured questionnaires used in qualitative or quantitative designs?

A

Qualitative.

21
Q

What is the aim questionnaires. To find out what about a selected group?

A

How participants, do, think or feel.

22
Q

What are the aims of a ‘good’ questionnaire?

A

. Valid
. Reliable
. Unbiased
. Allows ‘control’ for confounding/ intervening variables

23
Q

What types of questionnaire are there?

A

1) face to face interviews.
2) street survey
3) telephone survey
4) postal survey
5) depth, or semi structured interview survey.

24
Q

What types of questions can you get in surveys/questionnaires?

A

Factual-(age, education, occupation)
Opinion-(attitudes, emotions, opinions)
Closed- (limited to a simple unambiguous response- age in years) or tick box. Select one or several…
Open- more freedom. To express own thoughts.

25
Q

What is the sequence for developing a questionnaire?

A

1 specific what information is to be sought.
2 determine type of questionnaire.
3 determine content of individual questions.
4 determine form of response to each question.
5 determine wording of each question.
6 determine sequence of questions.
7 determine physical characteristics.
8 pre-test questionnaire and revise if necessary.

26
Q

Methods of improving questionnaire response rates?

A 
Sponsorship
Format/appearance
Pre-notification
Postage
Advertising
Incentives
27
Q

What types of secondary data are there? (3)

A

Administrative records (NHS records, school records etc)
Major government surveys (census, general household survey)
Research data

28
Q

What does geoconvert do?

A

Allocate one set of geographies to another. Link data classification systems to postcodes.

29
Q

What is the UK data service?

A

Look up files which allocate. E.g. Census geographies to all other administrative areas.

30
Q

What is discourse?

A

Is a form of knowledge that shapes how the world is understood and how things are done in it.

31
Q

What methods are there of interpretation?

A

Archival research, newspapers, journals, novels. Travel writing, autobiography, advertising, photographs, cartography, film, TV, public art, music, exhibitions, toys

32
Q

What are the nine methods to study and interpret?

A

Decoding, unpacking, interpreting, iconography, talking to people, semiotics, participant observation, triangulation of method.

33
Q

What is etymology?

A

Ethnos (people) graphin (writing)

34
Q

What is ethnography?

A

Involves participant observation plus textual, digital, interview, numbers.

35
Q

What is the three stage process of participant observation?

A

1) gain access to a particular community
2) live/work among the people under study to make sense of their world views and ways of life.
3) travel back to the academy and write up an account of the community and their practices.

36
Q

What can participant observation help to create?

A

Empathetic understandings of ‘life as it is lived’, not just what people tell you.
Taken for granted aspects of social life.
Non-cognitive and sensory aspects of social life.
Mechanics of social interaction.
Multi-method: works with data created via other research practices.
Thick descriptions.
Personal, positioned, first person, dialogic, iterative accounts.
Rigorous-done well, but inevitably partial.

37
Q

What is Geology Roam?

A

An online mapping tool, which allows users to view, annotate and save fixed scale maps of British geological survey

38
Q

……… Is the percentage of the variance in a given predictor that cannot be explained by the other predictors.

A

Tolerance

39
Q

VIF stands for what?

A

Variation infiltration factor- when the tolerances are close to 0, there is a high multicollinearity and the standard error of the regression coefficients will be inflated. A VIF greater than two is usually considered problematic. A VIF of 10 or greater can indicate serious multicollinearity problems.

40
Q

What is partial correlation?

A

The correlation between the dependent variable and an independent variable when the linear effects of the other independent variables in the model have been removed from both.

41
Q

What does MLSOA stand for?

A

Middle layer super output area. These are approximately the same size as an electoral ward.

42
Q

What does GOR stand for?

A

Government office region

GRM (2 decks)

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