Summary Questions

Question 1

Which type of anti-HTNs cause diuresis and what effect does this have on lowering BP?

Answer 1

Diuretics ==> decrease plasma V ==> decrease CO ==> decrease BP (decreased TPR)

Question 2

What type of anti-HTN has SE’s that include HYPOkalemia, HYPERuricemia, and HYPERglycemia?

Answer 2

Diuretics

Question 3

Which type of anti-HTNs act to decrease NE release and how does this happen?

Answer 3

BBs ==> block beta adrenergic receptors on sympathetic neuronal endings (on heart and/or lungs) which decreases NE release

Question 4

What are important SE’s of BBs?

Answer 4

BRADYcardia
BronchoSPASM
BLOCKED sx of HYPOglycemia

Question 5

Which type of anti-HTNs block the conversion of angiotensin I –> angiotensin II and what does this result in?

Answer 5

ACE inhibitors ==> results in vasoDILATION (blocks the vasoCONSTRICTING action of angiotensin II)

Question 6

Which type of anti-HTNs have SE’s of HYPERkalemia, lightheadedness, and/or a dry cough?

Answer 6

ACE inhibitors

Question 7

What makes an ARB different from an ACE inhibitor?

Answer 7

ARBs block the angiotensin II receptors, while ACE inhibitors prevent the formation of angiotensin II

Question 8

Which type of anti-HTNs act on the muscle cells to keep the heart muscle and arterioles more relaxed?

Answer 8

CCBs ==> relax cardiac and smooth muscle by not letting as much Ca++ enter the cell, so there is less cross-bridging and therefore sliding of the myofibrils and therefore fewer contractions and the muscles are in a more relaxed state as long as there is less Ca++ entering the cell ==> block voltage-sensitive Ca++ channels to release less Ca++ into the cells

Question 9

Which type of anti-HTN has GERD as a SE?

Answer 9

CCBs (also muscle weakness and constipation)