Sugars Flashcards
What elements do all carbohydrates contain?
Carbon.
Hydrogen.
Oxygen.
What monomers make up carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides.
Examples of monosaccharides?
Glucose.
Fructose.
Galactose.
What kind of sugar is glucose?
A hexose sugar - a monosaccharide with six carbon atoms in each molecule.
What are the types of glucose?
Alpha glucose.
Beta glucose.
How are alpha and beta glucose related?
Isomers.
What is an isomer?
Molecules with the same molecular formula as each other, but with the atoms connected in a different way.
How is a disaccharide formed?
Two monosaccharides join together by condensation reactions.
What bond forms between two monosaccharides?
Glycosidic bond.
What disaccharide is formed when glucose and fructose join?
Sucrose.
What disaccharide is formed when glucose and galactose join?
Lactose.
What can sugars be classified as?
Reducing sugars.
Non-reducing sugars.
What is the test for sugars?
The Benedict’s Test.
What colour is Benedict’s reagent?
Blue.
How do you test for a reducing sugar?
Add Benedict’s reagent.
Heat it in a water bath that has been brought to the boil.
If the test is positive a coloured precipitate will form.