Succession and Conservation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is succession?

A

The process by which an ecosystem changes over time. The biotic conditions change as the abiotic conditions change

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2
Q

Where does primary succession occur?

A

On newly formed/exposed land, where there is no soil or organic matter.

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3
Q

Explain what happens during primary succession

A
  1. Pioneer species (e.g. lichen) survive on bare rock
  2. The lichen die and decompose to form a thin soil. The nutrients in the soil support a community and conditions become less hostile
  3. Continual erosion and decomposing increases the amount of organic matter and thickens soil. Now able to hold water & support complex plants
  4. The death & decay of flowering plants results in even more complex species
  5. Fruits on trees helps to introduce insects, small mammals and birds to create a stable community
  6. A climax community is formed. Abiotic factors are stable
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4
Q

What is a climax community?

A

When an ecosystem is supporting the largest and most complex community of plants and animals it can

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5
Q

Where does secondary succession occur?

A

On land that has been cleared of all plants, but where soil remains

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6
Q

Explain what happens during secondary succession

A
  1. Stable complex community
  2. Disturbance destroys the community
  3. Fire burns forest to ground
  4. Fire leaves empty soil
  5. Grasses & herbaceous plants grow back first
  6. Small bushes and trees followed by evergreen trees
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7
Q

Define conservation

A

Protection and management of species and habitats in a sustainable way

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