Substrate Analysis

Question 1

What is the soil?

Answer 1

• Foundation upon which all terrestrial life and freshwater aquatic life depend.
• Medium in which plants are rooted
• Reservoir of minerals for plants upon which in turn, animal life depends

Question 2

Lead to the development of a distinct series of vertical layers or horizons referred to as a soil profile

Answer 2

Soil-forming processes

Question 3

Soil-forming processes Lead to the development of a distinct series of vertical layers or horizons referred to as a __ __

Answer 3

soil profile

Question 4

Zones commonly found in soil profile

Answer 4

O- organic
A- topsoil
B- subsoil
C- unconsolidated material

Question 5

Topmost layer deposited with organic matter

Answer 5

O horizon

Question 6

O horizon is a topmost layer deposited with __ __

Answer 6

organic matter

Question 7

Consist of minerals and large amounts of organic matter

Answer 7

A horizon

Question 8

A horizon consist of __ and large amounts of __ __

Answer 8

minerals
organic matter

Question 9

Where leached materials from A horizon are collected

Answer 9

B horizon

Question 10

B horizon is where ___ materials from A horizon are collected

Answer 10

Leached

Question 11

Contains the weathered parent rock material unconsolidated into the soil

Answer 11

C horizon

Question 12

C horizon contains the __ __ __ material __ into the soil

Answer 12

weathered parent rock
unconsolidated

Question 13

One of the important and permanent features of soil

Answer 13

Texture

Question 14

Relative fraction of differently-sized particles in soil.

Answer 14

Soil texture

Question 15

Soil texture is the relative fraction of differently-sized __ in soil.

Answer 15

Particles

Question 16

Used criterion in classifying soils into clay, silt, sand, gravel, and loam (mixture of sand, silt, and clay)

Answer 16

Soil texture

Question 17

mixture of sand, silt, and clay

Answer 17

Loam

Question 18

Objectives:

Answer 18

Identify the basic soil horizons
Classify soils according to texture types

Question 19

Materials needed:

Answer 19

Field notebook
Ballpen
Tape measure
Meter stick
Shovel
Camera
(2) 1000mL graduated cylinder (glass)

Question 20

_ _ meter width and _ _ meter depth dimensions

Answer 20

1.5

Question 21

Procedure in soil profile

Answer 21

1. Select a study site
2. Scrape off the vegetation within the 1.5 meter width and depth dimension
3. Note down the different horizons observed
4. Make soil profile. Label each layer or horizon
5. Measure the depth of each horizon using meter stick
6. Describe briefly each soil horizon
7. Tabulate results in Table 3-A

Question 22

Procedure in soil fraction

Answer 22

1. Select a study site
2. Get soil samples, one from the pools zone bottom and other from the rapid zone
3. Place about 250ml of each sample of sediments in 1000ml graduated cylinder
4. Fill the cylinder with water and agitate the sediment-water mixture
5. Allow the sediments to settle for at least 24 hours. Using the graduated cylinder compute approximate percentage

Question 23

Formula to compute the approximate percentage

Answer 23

No of mL. occupied by a sediment / total mL of soil x 100

Question 24

The hydrometer makes use of?

Answer 24

Archimedes’ principle

Question 25

Archimedes’ principle

Answer 25

the buoyant force on an object equals the weight of the fluid it displaces