Substrate Analysis Flashcards
What is the soil?
- Foundation upon which all terrestrial life and freshwater aquatic life depend.
- Medium in which plants are rooted
- Reservoir of minerals for plants upon which in turn, animal life depends
Lead to the development of a distinct series of vertical layers or horizons referred to as a soil profile
Soil-forming processes
Soil-forming processes Lead to the development of a distinct series of vertical layers or horizons referred to as a __ __
soil profile
Zones commonly found in soil profile
O- organic
A- topsoil
B- subsoil
C- unconsolidated material
Topmost layer deposited with organic matter
O horizon
O horizon is a topmost layer deposited with __ __
organic matter
Consist of minerals and large amounts of organic matter
A horizon
A horizon consist of __ and large amounts of __ __
minerals
organic matter
Where leached materials from A horizon are collected
B horizon
B horizon is where ___ materials from A horizon are collected
Leached
Contains the weathered parent rock material unconsolidated into the soil
C horizon
C horizon contains the __ __ __ material __ into the soil
weathered parent rock
unconsolidated
One of the important and permanent features of soil
Texture
Relative fraction of differently-sized particles in soil.
Soil texture
Soil texture is the relative fraction of differently-sized __ in soil.
Particles
Used criterion in classifying soils into clay, silt, sand, gravel, and loam (mixture of sand, silt, and clay)
Soil texture
mixture of sand, silt, and clay
Loam
Objectives:
Identify the basic soil horizons
Classify soils according to texture types
Materials needed:
Field notebook
Ballpen
Tape measure
Meter stick
Shovel
Camera
(2) 1000mL graduated cylinder (glass)
_ _ meter width and _ _ meter depth dimensions
1.5
Procedure in soil profile
- Select a study site
- Scrape off the vegetation within the 1.5 meter width and depth dimension
- Note down the different horizons observed
- Make soil profile. Label each layer or horizon
- Measure the depth of each horizon using meter stick
- Describe briefly each soil horizon
- Tabulate results in Table 3-A
Procedure in soil fraction
- Select a study site
- Get soil samples, one from the pools zone bottom and other from the rapid zone
- Place about 250ml of each sample of sediments in 1000ml graduated cylinder
- Fill the cylinder with water and agitate the sediment-water mixture
- Allow the sediments to settle for at least 24 hours. Using the graduated cylinder compute approximate percentage
Formula to compute the approximate percentage
No of mL. occupied by a sediment / total mL of soil x 100
The hydrometer makes use of?
Archimedes’ principle
