Substances and Mixtures Flashcards
Classification and example.
To classify or group by similarities. Ex, a food pyramid.
Composition and example.
What something is made up of, or “composed” of. Ex, ingredients of chocolate chip cookies.
All materials are either a _____ or a ______ of substances.
Pure substance or a mixture of subtances.
Pure Substance
A pure substance, or simply a substance, is either an element or a compound. Substances cannot be broken down into simpler components and still maintain the properties of the/an original substance.
What are substances made up of?
Substances are made up of one type of material.
Give examples of pure substances and explain why.
Gold is a type of substance that is only made up of gold material; it cannot be broken down into anything else. Water is a substance made up of hydrogen and oxygen, which are both gases. If we were to break down water into its components, we would have gases and not water (the original substance). Salt is a substance made up of silvery metal (Sodium) and a greenish-yellow poisonous gas (Chlorine). If salt were separated into its components, it would no longer be salt.
What are some other examples of substances?
Aluminum, Helium, Oxygen, Lithium, Neon, Mercury, and Copper.
Element
If all the atoms in a substance are alike, that substance is an element. (Same color)
Molecules
More than one atom.
Compound
Is a substance in which the atoms of two or more elements combine in a fixed proportion.
Example of a compound.
Table Salt- Sodium Metal+ Chlorine Gas. Chalk, and Baking Soda.
What is the main difference between elements and compounds?
Elements are composed of one type of material and compounds are made up of more than one element.
What do elements and compounds have in common?
- Elements and compounds are both substances.
- Elements and compounds are both made up of the same type of material.
How can you tell if something is a compound?
It will be composed of more than one element. (Attached)
How are elements and compounds related?
Elements and compounds are related because elements make up compounds.
Mixture
Is either homogenous or heterogenous and is a material made up of two or more substances that can be easily separated by physical means.
Why are heterogenous mixtures different from compounds?
Mixtures do not always contain the same proportions of the substances that make them up, while compounds do.
Heterogenous Mixture
A mixture in which different materials can be distinguished easily.
Give examples of easy to detect heterogenous mixtures and hard to detect.
Easy to detect include: Salad, Pizza, Cereal, and Marble Countertops.
While hard to detect includes, some clothing and pepperoni.
Homogenous Mixture
Contains two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances that are blended evenly throughout.
Solution
Another name for a homogenous mixture and is a homogenous mixture with particles so small they cannot be seen with a microscope and will never settle to the bottom of their container. (Remain constantly and uniformly mixed) SMALLEST PARTICLES OUT OF SO. CO. SUS.
What is the main difference between heterogeneous mixtures and homogeneous mixtures?
Heterogeneous mixtures are not well blended, and you can see the components, where homogeneous mixtures are well blended. You can’t see what they are composed of.
What do heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures have in common?
- They are both mixtures.
- They are both made up of different substances.
How can you tell if something is a homogeneous mixture?
It will be blended evenly, and you won’t be able to see what its composed of.
