Properties of Fluids Flashcards
What is Archimedes’ Categorization?
A Greek Mathematician.
What did Archimedes’ discover? (What is it)
Buoyancy- an upwards pushing force by water on objects.
When did Archimedes’ discover buoyancy?
Third Century B.C.
What is a description of Archimedes’ principle?
Archimedes’ found that the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced from the object.
Ex, of Archimedes’ principle and why it happens.
Putting paper clips in a tin foil boat on water until it sinks. It sinks because the tin foil with paper clips is more dense than water, causing the boat to sink.
What is Pascal’s Categorization?
A French Scientist.
What did Pascal discover? (What is it)
Pascal discovered pressure which is a force exerted per unit area.
When did Pascal discover pressure?
(1623-1662)
What is a description of Pascal’s principle?
Pressure applied to an enclosed (closed) fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid.
Ex, of Pascal’s principle and why it happens.
When you squeeze one end of a toothpaste tube, toothpaste emerges from the other end. The pressure has been transmitted through the fluid toothpaste. Also, when you squeeze one end of a balloon, the balloon expands out on the other end.
What is Bernoulli’s Categorization?
A Swiss Scientist
What did Bernoulli discover? (What is it)
Bernoulli discovered moving fluids with pressure.
When did Bernoulli discover pressure?
1738
What is a description of Bernoulli’s principle?
As the velocity (speed and direction) of a fluid increases the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases. Fast speed: Low Pressure. Low speed: Higher Speed. (Coming from it)
Ex, of Bernoulli’s principle and why it happens.
We put a ping pong ball over a hair dryer and it floated instead of sinking because the velocity of the air pushing the ping pong ball up is greater than the more pressure around the hair dryer.
Explain what two opposing forces are acting on a liquid in water.
The two opposing forces that are acting on water are buoyancy (an upward pushing force) and Buoyancy= Boing and gravity (a downward pulling force). (More density=down)
How does Archimedes’ principle enable heavy ships to float?
Archimedes’ principle enable heavy ships to float because the ship weights less than the water it displaces and it is able to float because of the air at the bottom of the boat.
Explain how Pascal’s Principle works in a mustard bottle.
Pascal’s Principle works in a mustard bottle because the mustard is transmitted throughout the fluid out the other end due to applying pressure to one side.
Explain how in Bernoulli’s principle roofs are lifted off of buildings in tornados.
In a tornado, due to the winds speed, less pressure exerts. The air in the home is slower, so more pressure exerts leading to the roof blowing off. This is why it is not the wind causing the roof to come off in a tornado, it is the air in the home pushing the roof off.
Think Critically. If you fill a balloon with air, tie it off, and release it, it will fall to the floor. Why does it fall instead of float? What if the balloon contained helium?
It falls instead of floats because the balloon with compressed air in the balloon is more dense than the air or the balloon has a higher density than the air around it, so it sinks. Whereas, if the balloon contained helium the balloon would weigh less than the air it displaces, so it is able to float.
If a fluid is described to have a high viscosity, then will it flow very quickly or very slowly?
If a fluid is described to have a high viscosity, then it will be flowing very slowly.
How does temperature affect the viscosity of a fluid?
Temperature affects the viscosity of a fluid because if a temperature rises the particles will break from the attractive forces causing the viscosity to be lower and flow quicker. (Kind of like a Phase Change.)
In our lab, how did the temperature affect the liquid’s viscosity? Using what you know about how heat affects matter, explain why heat affects a liquid’s viscosity.
When heat is added in matter the particles gain energy, move faster and further apart, and the particles break away from their attractive forces. The rising temperature affected the liquid’s viscosity by making the particles gain energy and the flow of the fluid was increasingly faster, so when heat is added to a fluid it lower’s its viscosity.
Write a statement that summarizes the information I discovered in this lab.
When you add heat to a more dense liquid its viscosity lowers and the flow of the liquid is faster.
