substance use disorders Lecture 1 Flashcards
What is the definition of health?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Whats the difference between DSM IV and DSM V in defining dependence and abuse?
DSM IV: Distincts dependence and abuse as different but Dependence is more severe.
DSM V: Combines the two into a single category with graded severities.
Craving is added to DSM V as a symptom and Legal problems is removed.
How many criterieas do you need to be considered an abuser according to DSM IV? How many to be considered dependent?
How many critierieas do you need in order to be diagnosed according to DSM V?
DSM IV:
- 1 or more for abuse
- 3 or more to be dependent
DSM V:
-2 or more to be diagnosed.
Why is meth becoming more and more dangerous? How does it work?
Its a highly addicitive CNS stimulant.
- High usually lasts 12 hours
- about 5% of the population have already tried meth at some point
- Surprassing weed as drug of choice fro recreational users.
What are side effects of meth use?
- Malnourishment
- Respiratory problems and cardiovascular (Shortness of breath, increase respiration, arrhythmia, Tachycardia, hypertension)
-usually scarred trying to get rid of an imaginary insect called crank bugs.
- Meth mouth
- Irratibility and insomia, hallucinations, convulsions and anxiety
What contributes to meth mouth?
- Xerostomia
- Bruxism
- Extended periods of poor oral hygiene
- Drug induced cravings of sugary drinks
- Drug is acidic in nature.
Is meth FDA Approved?
Can it cause birth defects?
Yes. Its FDA approved for severe cases of ADHD and obesity.
-One use can lead birth defects.
How can you manage meth mouth?
-Treat the oral disease and be cautious administering anesthesia.
- Recommend artificial sweetner in drinks.
- Better diet recommendation
- Encourage better oral hygiene
- Prescription fluoride.
What is the single largest preventable cause of death in the US according to CDC?
TOBACCO use.
- Smoking causes more death each year than HIV, Drug use, Motor accidents and firearms related injures combined.
- Smoker usually die 10 years earlier than none smoker
1/5 deaths every year is due to smoking.
What is the most common form of dependence in the US?
What is black hairy tongue? how to treat?
-Nicotine is the most common form of dependence in the US.
- Its overgrown filiform papilla
- Brush tongue to treat.
What are the oral implications of tobacco?
- Increase risk of periodontal disease
- Impair would healing
- Dulling senses of taste
- discoloration of teeth
- increase risk of oral cancer
- Black hairy tongue
According to oral cancer foundation, how many americans will be diagnosed with oral or pharyngeal cancer? How many will die within five years?
42k americans will be diagnosed.
- Kills one person per hour
- half of them will not survive after 5 years
- Not good prognosis due to late discovery
- Tobacco is number one cause of oral cancer in adults over 50
90% of oral cancers are SCC
What is the CDC method for quiting smoking?
- Brief clinical intervention, councilingm treatment with more person to person contact.
- Medication is helpful so patches gum or inhalars.
- Combination of medication and counsling is the best form.
What is the AUDIT C test?
Scored on scale of 0-12
- Men scoring 4 or more is positive
- Women scoring 3 or more is positive
Higher score means patients drinking is affecting their lives and health. More is bad in this case.
What are the symptoms of alcoholism? how many americans have alcohol problems?
- Craving
- loss of control
- Physical dependence
- Increase tolerance.
