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Psych > Substance Use Disorder > Flashcards

Substance Use Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

What is the substance abuse triad?

A

psychological dependence or craving

physiologic dependence

tolerance

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2
Q

what is the NIAA consumption amount of alcohol that increases health risks?

A

Men under 65- 14 per week, 4 drinks a day
women and adults over 65- more than 7 standard drinks per week on average

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3
Q

how many criteria does a patient require to be classified as “mild” alcohol use disorder?

A

2-3 required for mild.

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4
Q

there is a strong association with alcoholism and what type of disorders?

A

psychiatric

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5
Q

what is CAGE?

A

screening tool for alcoholism.

Ever felt you should CUT down
Have people ANNOYED you by criticizing your drinking
Have you ever felt GUILTY about drinking
Have you ever taken a drink in the first thing in the morning (EYE OPENER)

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6
Q

What is a complication of alcohol use disorder due to thiamine deficiency?

A

Wernicke Encephalopathy

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7
Q

What is the triad of Wernicke Encephalopathy syndrome?

A

Encephalopathy (disorientation, inattentiveness)
OCC dysfunction
Gait ataxia

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8
Q

What is a late consequence of chronic WE?

A

Korsakoff syndrome

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9
Q

What does Korsakoff syndrome cause

A

anterograde/retrograde amnesia. long term memory and cognitive skill impairment is less common.

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10
Q

mild alcohol withdrawal symptoms usually being within how long?

A

6- 24 hrs. of last drink.

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11
Q

What are some sx of mild alcohol withdrawal

A

anxiety
restlessness
insomnia
diaphoresis
palpitations
headache
alcohol craving

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12
Q

what are some physical signs of alcohol withdrawal?

A

tachycardia, hypertension, tremor

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13
Q

within how many days will mild alcohol withdrawal sx resolve?

A

one to two days

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14
Q

within what time frame will you have severe sx of alcohol withdrawal such as hallucinations?

A

12-24 hours and resolves within another 1-2 days

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15
Q

if you were to have a seizure from alcohol withdrawal, what is the usual time frame for it to occur?

A

6-48 hrs.

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16
Q

what is the “kindling effect”?

A

risk of seizures increase with repeated withdrawals from alcohol

17
Q

what is Delirium Tremens?

A

fluctuating disturbances in attention and cognition that may include hallucinations

18
Q

delirium begins within what time frame for severe alcohol withdrawal?

A

72-96 hours after last drink

19
Q

what is the leading preventable cause of mortality worldwide?

A

tobacco use disorder

20
Q

What are the major causes of mortality due to tobacco use disorder?

A

cardiovascular
pulmonary
and cancers

21
Q

clear evidence of less than how many minutes of counseling advice at each patient encounter can increase rates of quitting tobacco?

A

5 mins

22
Q

what is the peak of nicotine withdrawal? and it subsides over the course of what time frame?

A

peaks in first three days and slowly subsides over the course of about one month.

23
Q

what are some signs associated with nicotine withdrawal?

A

increased appetite, weight gain, depression, insomnia, irritability, anxiety, restlessness.

24
Q

what is the long acting treatment of nicotine withdrawal?

A

nicotine patch

25
Q

what is the short acting treatment of nicotine withdrawal?

A

gum or lozenge

26
Q

what is a medication used for nicotine withdrawal?

A

buproprion (wellbutrin)

27
Q

MOA of Buproprion (Wellbutrin)

A

Inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine as well as act as nicotinic receptor antagonist.

28
Q

What drug can be used for nicotine withdrawal that is a partial nicotine agonist, stimulates dopamine activity but to a much smaller degree than nicotine, and reduces cravings and withdrawal sx?

A

Varenicline (Chantix)

29
Q

Effects of marijuana use occur within how many minutes and last what amount of time?

A

10-20 min, last 23 hrs.

30
Q

number of days cannabis is detected in urine for short term and long term users

A

4-6 days and 20-50 days.

31
Q

two phases of marijuana use with moderate users

A

mild euphoria followed by sleepiness

32
Q

the increase in opioid users directly correlates with what?

A

prescribed opioids

33
Q

ophthalmologic findings of acute opioid toxicity

A

miosis

34
Q

what condition is not uncommon, rapidly correctable, and easily confused with acute opioid toxicity?

A

hypoglycemia

35
Q

what is the clinical picture of acute stimulant intoxication?

A

diaphoresis
tachy
elevated BP
mydriasis
Hyperactivity
acute brain syndrome with confusion and disorientation

Psych (15 decks)

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