Substance Use Flashcards
Definition of Substance Use Disorders
10 Different substances. Problematic pattern of substance use leading to clinical significant impairment or distress as manifested by at least two symptoms occurring within a 12-month period.
Adolescence as a risk period
Earlier use = higher risk for problematic use. Substance use in adolescence is associated with the three leading causes of death for adolescents: Accidents/injuries, suicide/self-harm, and interpersonal violence. Also, education and legal problems.
Prevalence
Experimentation is very common. Seen steep decrease across the board of substance abuse in teens.
Treatment models: Early Brief Interventions
Norm-based interviews for college students. Norms about drinking: Injunctive norms - How much the others approve or disapprove of drinking. Descriptive norms: How much others actually drink. If we have an inflated sense of what other people are doing, it might drive up our own drinking behaviour.
Norm-Based Interventions
Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students gives accurate feedback. These programs are associated with lower drinking over time because of the changes in your perceived norms. Gives individualized feedback about actual drinking norms, and comparison between individual’s drinking pattern and theorem.
Norm-Based Interventions - Do they work?
Network meta-analysis of 7 annualized brief alcohol interventions. Most programs generally worked well in reducing drinking frequency & quantity 0-6+ months post interventions.
Treatment Models: Outpatient Treatment
Very popular. Family Therapy. Alcoholics Anonymous (12 Step Programs).
Outpatient Treatment: Family Therapy
Multidimensional Family Therapy. Adolescent: E.g. Use as a means of coping with distress. Parents: E.g. Increased parental monitoring.
Outpatient Treatment: Alcoholics Anonymous
People experience problematic alcohol use seek out AA more than all other forms of treatment combined. 12 steps. Acknowledge that alcohol is a problem. Recommend abstinence. Supported by a peer. Easily accessible.
3 hypothesis why Participation in AA –> less alcohol consumption & fewer substance related problems.
- AA leads to less substance abuse
- Lower substance abuse leads to more AA attendance
- Having a good prognosis leads to lower alcohol use and more AA attendance.
Treatment Models: Inpatient
In-patient treatment. Short duration (4 to 6 weeks). Range of treatment programs. Individual counselling, family therapy, treatment for comorbid disorders. Often followed by outpatient.
