Substance Related Disorders Flashcards
stimulants
central nervous system activators that include caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine
amphetamines
synthetic addictive mood-altering drug used illegally as a stimulant and legally as a prescription drug to treat children with ADHD and adults with narcolepsy
most common clinically used amphetamines
dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
methamphetamine (Desoxyn)
methylphenidate (Ritalin).
other amphetamines
bath salts ecstasy speed ice base
tactile hallucinations of bugs crawling on the skin
cocaine
increased alertness and attention span agitation insomnia mild improvement in mood lethargy mild depression of mood delusions seizures hyper sexuality
psychological effects of cocaine
headache fatigue tachycardia irritability and pupil dilation
physical effects of cocaine
neurotransmitter association
stimulant use stimulates the release of DA ( dopamine) and blocks the reuptake of DA increased availability of this neurotransmitter in the synapse
sedatives
central nervous system depressants that include alcohol barbiturates and benzodiazepines
increase activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter g-amino butyric acid (GABA).
sedatives
sleeping pills, sedatives, anti anxiety agents (tranquilizers), anticonvulsants, and anesthetics.
barbiturates
barbiturates cause
cause respiratory depression
used to treat alcohol withdrawal
benzodiazepines such as chlordiazepoxide and diazepam
medically as anti anxiety agents sedatives muscle relaxants anticonvulsants and anesthetics
benzodiazepines
benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that can reverse the effects of benzodiazepines in cases of overdose
Flumazenil
Maicon
Romazicon
analgesia
relief from pain
opioids
class of drugs that include agents used medically as analgesics (e.g., morphine) and illegally as heroin, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and pain relievers available legally by prescription such as oxycodone hydrocodone codeine morphine
hallucinogens
lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) phencyclidine (PCP or “angel dust”) cannabis (tetrahydrocannabinol marijuana hashish) psilocybin (from mushrooms) mescaline (from cactus) ketamine (special k)
primary active compound found in marijuana
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
episodes of violent behavior occur with
PCP use
low safety margin
barbiturates
high safety margin
benzodiazepines (unless taken with other sedatives such as alcohol)
