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Psychiatry > Substance misuse (2) > Flashcards

Substance misuse (2) Flashcards

1
Q

Informal name for amphetamine

A

Speed

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2
Q

Desired effect of amphetamine

A
  • Energy
  • Talkative
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3
Q

SEs of amphetamines

A
  • Enlarged pupils
  • Agitation
  • Irritability
  • Psychosis
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4
Q

MoA of amphetamines

A

Increased levels of dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline at the synaptic cleft

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5
Q

Pharmacological interventions used to manage amphetamines abuse

A
  • No specific pharmacological intervention
  • Give benzodiazepine in cases of severe agitation / bad withdrawal
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6
Q

Another name for methamphetamines

A

crystal meth

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7
Q

Desired effects of methamphetamines use

A
  • Alert
  • Confident
  • Disinhibition (treatment of ADHD)
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8
Q

SEs of methamphetamine use

A
  • “Meth mouth” ulcers
  • tooth loss
  • bruxism (grinding of teeth during sleep)
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9
Q

MoA of methamphetamines

A
  • similar to amphetamine
  • induces release of monoamines (dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline) from nerve ending
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10
Q

Pharmacological interventions for methamphetamines abuse

A
  • No specific pharmacological intervention
  • give benzodiazepine’s in cases of severe agitation / bad withdrawal
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11
Q

Example of MDMA

A

Ecstasy

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12
Q

Desired effects of MDMA

A

MDMA = ecstasy

  • Energy
  • Wellbeing
  • Love
  • Hyperaesthesias
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13
Q

SEs of ecstasy

A
  • Panic
  • Dysphoria
  • Depression
  • Dehydration
  • Raised temp
  • DIC
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14
Q

MoA of MDMA (ecstasy)

A
  • Inhibits monoamine reuptake transporters
  • effect thought to be due to increase of serotonin at synaptic cleft
  • also affects of dopamine and noradrenaline at the synaptic cleft
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15
Q

Pharmacological management of Ecstasy abuse

A
  • No specific pharmacological intervention
  • give benzodiazepines in cases of severe agitation / bad withdrawal
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16
Q

Desired effect of cocaine use

A
  • alert
  • disinhibited
  • confident
17
Q

SEs of cocaine use

A
  • Depression
  • Fatigue
  • Dysphoria
  • Paranoia
18
Q

MoA of cocaine

A

Inhibits monoamine reuptake transporters → leading to increased levels of dopamine, noradrenaline & serotonin at the synaptic cleft

19
Q

Pharmacological management of cocaine abuse

A

No specific pharmacological intervention, give benzodiazepines in cases of severe agitation / bad withdrawal

20
Q

LSD

  • class
  • MoA
A

LSD

  • class: hallucinogen
  • MoA: agonist to most serotonin receptors (not 5-HT4 or 5-HT4)
21
Q

Desired effects of LSD use

A
  • Hallucinations
  • Time distortion
22
Q

SEs of LSD use

A
  • Anxiety and depression
  • ‘Bad trips’
  • ‘Flashbacks’
23
Q

Pharmacological intervention for LSD use

A

No specific pharmacological intervention

24
Q

Another name for psilocybin

A

magic mushroom

25
Q

Desired effects of Psilocybin

A

Psilocybin = magic mushrooms

  • Intense emotions/sensations
  • Giggles
  • Spiritual experiences
  • Hallucinations
26
Q

SEs of Psilocybin

A

Psilocybin = magic mushrooms

  • Extreme hallucinations
  • Psychosis,
  • Paranoia,
  • Tremors
  • ‘Bad trips’ or ‘flashbacks’
27
Q

MoA of psilocybin (magic mushrooms)

A

5HT-2a agonist

28
Q

Pharmacological interventions for psilocybin abuse

A

psilocybin = magic mushrooms

No specific pharmacological intervention

29
Q

Desired effects of cannabis use

A
  • THC = Subjective feeling of “high”.
  • Cannibidinol = ANALGESIA!
30
Q

SEs of cannabis use

A
  • Paranoia
  • Psychosis
  • Distorted time
  • Xerostomia
  • tachycardia
  • Respiratory tract infections
  • Schizophrenia association
  • Lung cancer risk if smoked
31
Q

MoA of Cannabis

A
  • THC is active component
  • Cannabinoid receptors (CB-1, CB-2) agonist
  • Affects dopamine and norepinephrine and glycine receptors
  • Impacts mood and cognition
32
Q

Pharmacological intervention for cannabis abuse

A

No specific pharmacological intervention

Psychiatry (8 decks)

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