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Psychiatry > Substance misuse > Flashcards

Substance misuse Flashcards

1
Q

What are the features of opiate intoxication?

A

Drowsiness
Confusion
Decreased respiratory rate
Bradycardia
Constricted pupils
Track marks

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2
Q

What are the features of opiate withdrawal?

A

Agitation and anxiety
Chills
Runny eyes and nose
Sweating
Tachycardia
High blood pressure
Dilated pupils
Muscle cramps
Insomnia
Vomiting

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3
Q

When does withdrawal from heroin begin?

A

6 hours after last dose

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4
Q

When do symptoms of heroin withdrawal peak?

A

36-72 hours

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5
Q

What is the first line management of opiate dependence?

A

Methadone or buprenorphine

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6
Q

What drug can be used to prevent relapse of opiate addiction?

A

Neltrexone

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7
Q

What is the treatment of opiate overdose?

A

Naloxone

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8
Q

What are the features of cannabis intoxication?

A

Drowsiness
Impaired memory
Slowed reflexes and motor skills
Conjuntival injection
Increased appetite
Paranoia
Tachycardia

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9
Q

What are the features of LSD intoxication?

A

Hypertension
Tachycardia
Increased temperature
Labile mood
Hallucinations
Sweating
Insomnia

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10
Q

What are the features of stimulant intoxication?

A

Euphoria
Hypertensive crisis
Seizures
Agitation
Psychosis
Excessive thirst
Ischaemic events

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11
Q

What is the action of MDMA?

A

Induces rapid serotonin and dopamine release by binding to the 5HT2 receptor

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12
Q

What is the action of cocaine?

A

Increases free levels of serotonin and dopamine by decreasing uptake of dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline

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13
Q

What is the action of methamphetamines?

A

Acts at the sigma receptors which increase release of dopamine

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14
Q

What is the action of LSD?

A

Acts at the dopamine receptors to increase release of dopamine

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15
Q

What are the complications of opioid misuse?

A

HIV
Hepatitis B and C
Infective endocarditis
Sepsis
VTE
Respiratory depression
Social problems - homelessness, crime

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16
Q

How long does opioid detox last for?

A

4 weeks in an inpatient setting
12 weeks in the community

17
Q

How is opioid dependence treatment compliance monitored?

A

Urinalysis

18
Q

Which drugs are stimulants?

A

Cocaine
Methamphetamine
Khat
Nicotine
MDMA

19
Q

Which drugs are hallucinogens?

A

Ketamine
LSD

20
Q

What type of drug is cannabis and what type of effects can it have?

A

Cannabinoid - can have hallucinogenic, depressive and stimulant effects

21
Q

What is neonatal abstinence syndrome?

A

A condition caused by withdrawal from substances that a mother has taken during pregnancy

22
Q

What is the treatment for neonatal withdrawal of opiates?

A

Morphine

23
Q

What is the treatment for neonatal withdrawal of cocaine?

A

Phenobarbital

Psychiatry (23 decks)

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