Neuroleptic malignant syndrome Flashcards
What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
A life-threatening emergency associated with the use of antipsychotics
What type of drugs can neuroleptic malignant syndrome occur with?
Typical antipsychotics
Atypical antipsychotics
Withdrawal of dopaminergic drugs (levodopa)
What are the symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Pyrexia
Muscle rigidity
Hypertension
Tachycardia
Tachypnoea
Altered mental state
Tremor
What results might be seen on blood tests in neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Raised creatinine kinase
AKI
Leukocytosis
Deranged LFTs
Metabolic acidosis
What is the management of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Stop antipsychotic
IV fluids
Antipyretics
Muscle relaxant - dantrolene, bromocriptine
What are the risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Use of antipsychotics
Withdrawal of parkinsons medication
Depot medication
High dose antipsychotics
Previous episode of NMS