Substance Abuse Disorders Flashcards
Criteria for Substance Use Disorder dignosis
maladaptive patterns of substance use that impair work, physical, social functioning
Substance induced disorder
induced disorder: intoxication and withdrawal
What drugs fall under stimulant use disorders?
amphetamines
cocaine
***dilated pupils
What drugs fall under sedatives/hypnotics/anxiolytic use disorders?
benzos
barbiturates
What drugs fall under hallucinogen use disorders?
LSD
PCP
Synthetics (K2, bath salts, molly/ecstasy)
What drugs fall under opioid use disorders?
morphine
heroin
codeine
methadone
***constricted pupils
Define at risk drinking
men: more than 14 drinks per week or more than 4 per occasion
female: more than 7 drinks per week or more than 3 per occasion
Define moderate drinking
men: 2 drinks or fewer per day
females and over 65: 1 or fewer per day
List childhood factors that can lead to alcohol abuse
environmental stressors: abuse, around alcohol so started drinking or saw alcoholic parents
ADHD
conduct or antisocial personality disorders: under 18, act inappropriate in public with rage, start fires, kill animals
—> AKA psychopaths and sociopaths
Describe social/culture factors that can lead to alcohol abuse
Native Americans have highest rates of abuse
More frequent in non-African American races
—> HOWEVER, AA more likely to need tmt but don’t get it
Low rates in Asians
When can you diagnose alcohol abuse?
clinically significant impairment or distress of 2+ in a 12 month period:
- alcohol in large amounts over longer period of time than was intended
- persistent desire or ineffective efforts to cut down
- excessive amount of time trying to get alcohol or recover
- cravings
- recurrent use despite failures to meet obligations
Describe tolerance
need for increased amounts to achieve desired effect
diminished effect with continued use of same amount
sign of dependence
Describe sx of alcohol withdrawal
autonomic hyperactivity increased hand tremor insomnia N/V hallucinations psychomotor agitation seizures
What are 3 things that can be fatal with sudden withdrawal?
3 Bs
booze
benzos
barbiturates
Clinical presentation of alcohol abuse
solitary drinking with rationalization about their need to drink
daily or frequent drinking to function
loss of control over drinking, defensive, hostile
neglect food intake, physical appearance, hygiene
N/V, shaking in the morning, confusion
What questions to ask alcoholic
CAGE
cut down, annoyed, guilty, early-morning to get through day or eliminate shakes
List some alcohol induced disorders
intoxication, withdrawal delirium (wernicke/korsakoff) dementia amnesic disorder psychotic disorder mood disorder sexual dysfunction d/t neuropathy sleep disorder (alcohol pass out but doesn't keep you asleep)
Medical complications of alcohol abuse
decreased REM, awaken form sleep
fatty liver, cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis
GI varices, ulcers, pancreatitis
MI, cardiomyopathy, stroke