Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

4th yr- CMS- Pharmacology and drugs > SUBSTANCE ABUSE, ADDICTION AND MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOUR > Flashcards

SUBSTANCE ABUSE, ADDICTION AND MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOUR Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What is maladaptive behaviour

A
  1. An exaggeration of normal behaviour with the maladaptation coming from suffering it causes the individual and resultant increase in morbidly and mortality experience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is dependence

A

This occurs when an individual requires continues use of a substance to precent the ill effects of its absence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is tolerance

A

Where you need to increase the amount of a substance to get the same benefits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is withdrawal

A

There are physical and psychological aspects which contribute to the symptoms of withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is compulsive behaviour

A

Where an individual feels that it is imperative to continue with behaviour; there is a sense that it is non negotiable and out o their control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Give an example of compulsive behaviour

A
  1. Binge drinking
  2. IV drug use
  3. Starving/ /vomiting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What aspects of life can substance abuse affect

A
  1. Occupation
  2. Financial
  3. Unlawful behaviour
  4. Domestic/ social life
  5. Physical and mental health
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How can you occupation be affected by substance abuse

A
  1. Underperfomance
  2. Absenteeism
  3. Increased errors
  4. Job loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can you finances be affected by substance abuse

A
  1. Cost of substance

2. Lack of income to sustain substance cost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How can you physical and mental health be affected by substance abuse

A
  1. Increase in morbidity and mortality
  2. Depression
  3. Other psychiatric illnesses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What percentage of the population use tobacco

A

15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the single biggest cause of premature death in all ages in the UK

A

Tobacco use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List some general and oral health related problems associated with tobacco use

A
  1. COPD
  2. CHD
  3. cancers
  4. Miscarriage and reduced birth weight of baby
  5. periodontal disease
  6. Sudden infant death syndrome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the repulse rate for people trying to give up smoking

A

98%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name some adjuncts that may be useful for some when giving up smoking

A
  1. Nicotine replacement eg patches, gum, spray
  2. Bupropion
  3. Varenicline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Varenicline

A

nicotine receptor agonist so reduces cravings and decreases the pleasure derived from smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is 1 unit of alcohol

A

10mls ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the max number of units of alcohol per week

A

No more than 14 units with 2-3 alcohol free days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many people in the uk are dependant on alcohol

A

3.8million

20
Q

Are women or men more dependant on alcohol

A

MEN

21
Q

What is hazardous drinking classified as

A

20-50 UNITS PER week

22
Q

How much does alcohol misuse cost the NHS

A

£3 billion

23
Q

How fast is alcohol metabolised

A

1 unit per hour on average

24
Q

What is alcohol dependency categorised as

A

When drinking starts taking priority over other activities

25
Q

What are the short term effects of alcohol dependency

A

Inebriation:

  1. Impaired judgement
  2. Diminished physical coordination
  3. Antisocial behaviour
26
Q

What are the long term effects of alcohol dependency

A
  1. Fatty liver disease
  2. Hypertension and CHD
  3. Hypertension
  4. Peptic ulcers
  5. Oropharyngeal ulcers
  6. Malnourishment
  7. Psychological eg depression, personality change, suicidal
27
Q

What is binge drinking defined as

A

Drinking more than 8 units at a time for men and 6 units for women

28
Q

When does alcohol withdrawal occur in heavy drinkers

A

With in a few hours of last drink

29
Q

What can alcohol withdrawal look like

A
  1. Agitation
  2. Tremors
  3. Sweating
  4. GI disturbances
  5. Hallucinations
30
Q

What problems can alcoholism cause in dentistry

A
  1. Irregular attendance
  2. Harder ot gain informed consent as patient may be intoxicated
  3. More medical conditions
  4. Bleeding risk increased
  5. Drug metabolism impaired
31
Q

How can we assess alcohol intake

A

Use CAGE

32
Q

What does CAGE stand for

A

C- Have you ever through you should CUT down on your drinking
A - Have people become ANNOYED by your drinking?
G - Have you ever felt bad or GUILTY about your drinking?
E - Have you ever had to drink in the morning to steady yourself or get rid of a hangover (EYE-OPENER)

33
Q

Give an example of smokeless tobacco

A

Areca nut/ betel leaf

34
Q

How can Areca nut/ betel lead be prepared

A

Fresh, dried or mixed with tobacco

35
Q

How can we tell from someone’s oral mucosa they may be having Areca nut/ betel leaf

A

Has characteristic orangey-brown staining on the teeth and oral mucosae

36
Q

What is having Areca nut/ betel leaf assocated with

A
  1. potentially malignant conditions such as OLP, submucous fibrosis and dysplasia
  2. High risk of oral cancer development
37
Q

Give examples of illicit/ recreational drugs

A
  1. Cannabis
  2. Opiods
  3. Cocaine
  4. Ecstasy
  5. Ketamine
38
Q

In whom are eating disorders most common in

A

High achieving, well educated young females

39
Q

Give examples of common eating disorders

A
  1. Anorexia nervosa
  2. Bulimia nervosa
  3. Binge eating disorder
40
Q

What is anorexia nervosa defined as

A

Extremely low weight to refusal to eat or eating tiny amounts only

41
Q

What can anorexia nervosa cause

A
  1. Osteopenia/osteoporosis
  2. Infertility
  3. Depression
  4. Self harm
  5. Substance misuse
42
Q

What is binge eating disorder defined as

A

Losing control and compulsively eating huge quantities of food in one go

43
Q

What is bulimia nervosa

A

Eating large quantities then forcing themselves to vomit it back up

44
Q

What can vomiting in bulimia nervosa eb accompanied with

A

Mis use fo laxatives

45
Q

What impact can eating disorders have dentally

A
  1. Dental erosion from excessive vomiting
  2. Xerostomia due to dehydration
  3. Nutritional deficienies
  4. Sialosis
46
Q

How can we manage eating disorders

A
  1. Need to be sensitive and communicate effectively
  2. Non judgemental recognition
  3. Dont push
  4. Protect teeth by fluoride toothpaste use, fluoride varnish application, palatal composite veneers, OHI
  5. Manage any soft tissue lesions suyog as infections and ulcerations

4th yr- CMS- Pharmacology and drugs (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions