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Nursing 2 Test 4 > Substance Abuse > Flashcards

Substance Abuse Flashcards

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1
Q

It is considered abuse

A

when a substance interferes with roles and obligations

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2
Q

Causes withdrawal syndrome & tolerance

A

Substance Addiction

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3
Q

Alcohol, inhalants, sedatives, opioids are

A

CNS Depressants

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4
Q

Methamphetamine & Cocaine are

A

CNS Stimulants

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5
Q

Cannabis, LSD, PCP are

A

Hallucinogens

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6
Q

Genetics, past trauma in substance abuse can be

A

none modifiable predisposing factors

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7
Q

Neurotransmitters, personality, work, sociocultural issues are

A

modifiable predisposing factors

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8
Q

Pharmacotherapy of sedative, hypnotics, benzos, stimulants & hallucinogens include

A

medical stabilization, symptom management and address addictive personality/craving

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9
Q

Adjunct meds for benzo, sedative & hypnotic addiction

A

other benzos, Buspar, anticonvulsants & TCA

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10
Q

ETOH detox includes

A

CIWA protocol + MVI, Thiamine, IVFs electrolyte replacement, Lactulose & Librium

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11
Q

ETOH addictive behavior treatment is

A

antidepressants, drinking deterrents, narcotic antagonists

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12
Q

Wernicke/Korsakoff presentation includes

A

encephalopathy and psychosis

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13
Q

Phase IV of Alcohol use disorder complication examples

A

cirrhosis of the liver, portal hypertension

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14
Q

Time presentation of ETOH intoxication and delirium

A

4-12 hours of cessation, 1 to 2 days for delirium

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15
Q

The use can be lethal when exposed to alcohol

A

disulfiram

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16
Q

Treat opioid intoxication with

A

naloxone

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17
Q

Treat benzo, barbiturate intoxication with

A

flumazenil

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18
Q

Modalities to treat opioid addiction

A

narcotic antagonists, substitution (suboxone, methadone) & Catapres

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19
Q

Therapies for addictive disorders

A

psycho therapies and community support group

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20
Q

Confusion, dizziness, blurred vision, constipation, dry mouth, difficulty urination

A

anticholinergic side effect

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21
Q

Shivering and diarrhea to severe muscle rigidity, fever and seizures

A

serotonin syndrome

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22
Q

Akinesia, Akathisia, Dystonia, Oculogyric Crisis, Tardive Dyskinesia

A

EPS

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23
Q

Medications to treat EPS

A

Anticholinergics, antihistamines

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24
Q

May cause blood dyscrasia

A

valproic acid

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25
Q

Renders contraceptives ineffective

A

anticonvulsants

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26
Q

Not approved by FDA to treat mania

A

antidepressants

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27
Q

Least Restrictive methods of de-escalation

A

therapeutic communication, redirection, CPI

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28
Q

Period of increase suicide risk

A

1st 2 weeks of antidepressants treatment

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29
Q

Emergency treatment order (ETO) meds -

A

antipsychotic (fast acting) benzo & anticholinergic or antihistamine

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30
Q

ETOs are also used as ___

A

chemical restraints

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31
Q

Gambling disorder meds __

A

SSRI, Lithium, carbamazepine, narcotic antagonists

32
Q

Anxiolytics with addictive properties __

A

benzos, carbamate derivatives

33
Q

what do you treat agitation with?

A

Anxiolytics: Buspirone, Benzos. Also to prevent seizures and alleviate muscle cramps

34
Q

How do you reduce neurotransmitters (GABA, Dopamine) and reduce cravings

A

topiramate (Topamax), vigabatrin (Sabril), gabapentin (Neurotin), baclofen (Lioresal)

35
Q

Anticraving drugs

A

naltrexone (Revia, Vivitrol) and naloxone (Narcan)

36
Q

opioid reversal (narcotic antagonist)

A

naloxone (Narcan). arouses

37
Q

Depression meds. Don’t work well with alcohol but can be used for cocaine etc.

A

SSRI/SNRI. mirtazapine, fluoxetine (Prozac), bupropion (welbutrin)

38
Q

removes remaining drugs from intestine for detox

A

activated charcoal (Sorbitol)

39
Q

First generation anti-psychotics

A

Haloperidol (Haldol), Prolixin (Trilafon), Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

40
Q

anticholinergics to prevent side effects (shaking)

A

benzotropine, Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Trihexyphenidyl

41
Q

what is used to reduce the amount of ammonia in the blood of patients with liver disease

A

lactulose

42
Q

Acute ETOH detox multivitamin

A

thiamine B1

43
Q

Acute ETOH benzos

A

chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam, diazepam

44
Q

acamprosate (Campral)

A

drinking deterrent (anticraving). detox first!

45
Q

fluoxetine (Prozac)

A

SSRI

46
Q

sertraline (Zoloft)

A

SNRI

47
Q

naltrexone

A

narcotic antagonist

48
Q

It can treat problem drinking by creating an unpleasant reaction to alcohol

A

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

49
Q

newer drug that is used for addictions to heroine

A

suboxone (Buprenorphine)

50
Q

Secobarbital (Seconal), Nembutal Sodium (Pentobarbital or Luminol)

A

barbiturates

51
Q

pam, lam, and chlordiazepoxide

A

benzos

52
Q

Zaleplon (Sonata), Zolpidem, (Ambien), Eszopiclone (Lunesta), Choral hydrate (“knockoout drops or Mickey FInn”)

A

hypnotics

53
Q

medications for gambling disorder (treated like mania)

A

SSRIs, Clomipramine (OCD), LIthium (Mania), Carbamazepine (anti seizure), Naltrexone (narcotic antagonist and addictive personality)

54
Q

gambling disorder is treated as

A

mania

55
Q

ending in barbital

A

barbiturates (sedatives)

56
Q

autonomic hyperactivity (sweating or high pulse), hand tremor, insomnia, nausea or vomiting, hallucinations, illusions, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, and grand mal seizures

A

sedative, hypnotic and anxiolytic withdraw

57
Q

initial euphoria followed by apathy, dysphoria, psychomotor agitation or retardation, pupillary constriction, drowsiness, slurred speech, impairment of memory and attention

A

opioid intoxication

58
Q

dysphoric mood, N/V, muscle aches, lacrimation or rhinorrhea, pupillary dilation, piloerection , sweating, diarrhea, yawning, fever, insomnia

A

opioid withdrawal

59
Q

N/V, shallow respirations, cold and clammy skin, weak and rapid pulse, coma and possible death

A

symptoms of ETOH overdose

60
Q

aggressivness, impaired judgement, impaired attention, irritablity, euphoria, depression, emotional lability, slurred speech, nystagmus, flushed face

A

ETOH intoxication

61
Q

tremors, N/V, malaise, weakness, tachycardia, sweating, elevated BP, anxiety, depressed mood, irritability, hallucinations, headache insomnia, seizures

A

ETOH withdrawal

62
Q

Euphoria, anxiety, suspiciousness, sensation of slowed time, impaired judgment, social withdraw, tachycardia, eye redness, hallucinations

A

cannabis intoxication

63
Q

restlessness, irritablity, insomnia, loss of appetite, decreased mood, tremors, fever ,chills, headache, stomach pain

A

cannabis withdrawal

64
Q

euphoria, fighting grandiosity, hyper vigilance, psychomotor agitation, impaired judgement, tachycardia, elevated BP, pupillary dilation, chills, N/V, delerium, hallucinations

A

cocaine intoxication

65
Q

depression, anxiety, irritability, fatigue, insomnia, hyper insomnia, psychomotor agitation, suicidal ideation, social withdrawal

A

cocaine withdrawal

66
Q

due to liver disease for alcohol detoxing patients, which short acting Benzos do you use

A

lorazepam and oxazepam

67
Q

substitution therapy for alcohol withdrawal (Benzos)

A

chlordiazepoxide, oxazepam, and lorazepam, and diazepam

68
Q

there opioid antagonists

A

naloxone, naltrexone, nalmefene

69
Q

Appears 2-3 days after cessation or reduction heavy intake
Difficult concentration
Disorganized thinking (rambling, pressured, incoherent)
Reasoning and goal direction impaired
Disorientation
Recent memory impairment
Misperception of the environment
Illusions and hallucinations
Sleep Disturbance- SPIN Vivid dreams and nightmares
Hypervigilance
Restlessness, hyper, agitation, to stupor/coma or vegetative state.

A

alcohol withdrawal syndrome

70
Q

most serious form of thiamine (B-1) deficiency in alcoholic patients

A

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

71
Q

syndrome of confusion, loss of recent memory, and confabulation in alcoholic patients

A

Korsakoff’s psychosis:

72
Q

anti craving meds for addictive personality

A

acamprosate, disulfiram

73
Q

meds for alcohol treatment

A

thiamine, fluoxetine, chlordiazepoxide

74
Q

an anticholinergic for substitution therapy for an Opioid addiction

A

clonidine

75
Q

meds for sedative addiction

A

clonazepam, buspirone, imipramine

Nursing 2 Test 4 (6 decks)

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