Substance abuse Flashcards

1
Q

What is alcohol abuse

A

Drinking too much, drinking too often, or drinking at inappropriate times

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2
Q

Describe the path alcohol takes through the body

A

Mouth, stomach, Small intestines, Blood stream, Brain , Liver

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3
Q

What are the bi-products of consuming alcohol

A

Bi products are water, carbon dioxide, and energy).

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4
Q

Why is an unconscious drinker at risk of alcohol poising

A

Their BAC May keep going up. They may have consumed a fatal dose that may have killed them when they go
unconscious. Choking on vomit.

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5
Q

Where is alcohol absorbed into the bloodstream

A

Stomach and small intestine

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6
Q

What are some signs of problem drinking

A

When drinking causes problems like fights, destroying property, DUIs, job and work problems

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7
Q

Short term effects of alcohol use

A

Loss of self-control, vomiting, nausea, blackout (can’t from memories but are conscious), coma and death, poor vision, impaired judgement, reduced reaction time, memory loss

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8
Q

Long term effects of alcohol use

A

Cancer of mouth, stomach, esophagus, and liver; cirrhosis (scar tissue of liver), anemia, heart damage, kidney strain, diminished immune system function, hepatitis (inflamed liver), decreased ability of the body to absorb vitamins, shrunken brain and dead brain
cells

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9
Q

What is the difference between enabling and codependency

A

Enabling is helping an addict avoid the negative consequences of his/her behavior
Codependency is the condition in which a family member or friend sacrifices his or her own needs to meet the needs of an addict. Sometimes this means taking on roles in the family that the addict should have.
Enabling is helping avoid consequences codependency being overly invested in another persons problems to the point that they lose focus of their own problems.

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10
Q

Define alcoholism

A

A disease that causes a person to lose control of his/her drinking behavior

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11
Q

Define binge drinking

A

Drinking a large quantity in a short amount of

time. Usually 4 or more drinks rapidly

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12
Q

List the three types of drinks we talked about that each contain one ounce of pure alcohol

A

Beer etc- 10-12 oz bottle or can
Wine 4-5 ounce glass
Hard liquor- 1-1.5 ounce shots

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13
Q

Oxidation

A

Burning up alcohol. Happens in the liver.

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14
Q

Why is alcohol classified as a depressantf

A

It depresses your central nervous system so you have inhibited faculties like slurred
speech. It slows down breathing, heart.

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15
Q

What is the hepatitis and cirrhosis

A

Cirrhosis is permanent and hepatitis may or not be
reversible. Cirrhosis develops from hepatitis and cirrhosis is more advanced and bad than hepatitis. Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver and cirrhosis is scarring.

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16
Q

Decribe the difference between AA, Al-anon, and ALA teen

A

Alateen – a program specifically designed for teens who have an addict in their lives
Al-anon – a program designed to help family members of alcoholics
AA (Alcoholics Anonymous) a treatment program for alcoholics
AA is to help alcoholics, Al-anon is to help family members of alcoholics, aka teen is
supposed to help teens with an addict in their lives.

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17
Q

What happens with 1 to 2 drinks

A

BAC of .01-.05

  • Person’s systems begin to slow down, relaxed feeling, less inhibited, slight decrease in fine motor skills. Person should wait at least an hour before driving
  • Effects small outer layer of brain
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18
Q

What happens with 3-4 drinks

A

BAC of .05-.1
Fine motor skills are decreased, performance and responsiveness are reduced. There is a reduction in judgment as well as reaction time. People feel more alert and talkative, but, in reality, the systems are slowed
-Legally intoxicated
-Effects Cerebrum (voluntary actions and control of ability to reason) second outer most layer

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19
Q

What happens with 5-7 drinks

A

BAC .1 to .18
The senses are dulled, especially speech, hearing, and vision. Balance is altered and person may stagger. There is a decreased sense of pain
Effects center-ish area of brain

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20
Q

What happens with 8-12 drinks

A

The reflex actions are decreased, body temperature drops, blood circulation slows, as does respiration. Unconsciousness may occur. Further drinking may cause coma and eventual death from alcohol overdose
-Effects Cerebellum (coordination, muscular control, balance). Lower, inner portion of brain

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21
Q

What does the liver do

A

Aid in detoxification and acts as a cleansing station to rid the body of poisons. The liver breaks down the alcohol at a rate of .5 ounce of pure alcohol per hour. This is called oxidation NOTHING CAN CHANGE THE RATE OF THIS PROCESS. The excess use of alcohol can damage the liver and lead to a serious disease called cirrhosis

22
Q

What does the stomach and intestine and esophagus do

A

Alcohol irritates the esophagus and it has no food value. It is not digested in the stomach. A small amount of alcohol is absorbed directly/rapidly into the bloodstream through the smallest blood vessels called capillaries. The rest of the alcohol passes into the small intestines where is is absorbed completely/directly into the blood stream. Alcohol irritates the stomach lining. Acute abdominal stress, vomiting, and ulcers may occur

23
Q

What does the alcohol do to the brain and nervous system

A

The bloodstream carries alcohol to the brain within minutes. Alcohol is a sedative drug that depresses the Central Nervous system. It impairs the functions of behavior., judgment, coordination

24
Q

Drugs of abuse

A

( for example: cocaine, nicotine, alcohol and marijuana) change the way the brain works in ways that are not healthy.

When these drugs are taken for no medical reason they are called “drugs of abuse”

25
Q

Medicine

A

Any drug that is used to cure, prevent or treat illness or discomfort.

To be a good medicine, a drug should be
Effective
Safe
and have minor side effects, if any

26
Q

Drug abuse

A

Someone else is taking a prescription other than the person on the label or intentionally taking the medication in the wrong amount of when it is not needed. Abuse can also mean taking more than one drug at the same time without a medical reason. Use of any illegal drug is drug abuse

27
Q

Drug def

A

Substances that change or effect the body, mind, or organs

28
Q

Medicine

A

Any drug that is used to care, prevent, or treat illness or discomfort. The drug should be effective, safe and have minor or no side effects

29
Q

Drug of Abuse

A

Change the way the way that the brain works in ways that are not healthy. When these drugs are taken for no reason they are called “drugs of Abuse”. Cocaine. nicotene, alcohol and marajuana

30
Q

Side effect

A

An effect other than what the medicine is supposed to effect

31
Q

Where do the drugs come from (Past vs Present)

A

Past-> nature, plants, bones etc

Present: Scientists working in laboraties with chemicals

32
Q

What drug would be given to treat an ear infection

A

Antibiotic

33
Q

What drug would be given to treat ADHA

A

Stimulant

34
Q

What drug would be given to treat Anxiety or OCD

A

Antianxiety

35
Q

What drug would be given to treat Pain?

A

Analgesic

36
Q

Why are some drugs only available with a prescription

A

Some drugs are strong enough to have the taker need to be examined by a doctor before taking them to make sure that they can take it and that they need it. They are strong enough they can be abused

37
Q

Drug misuse

A

Taking the medicine in the wrong doses accidentally taking or intentionally taking medicine for a reason other than what it was made for. Applies to prescription and OTC medication and causes a lot of accidental overdoeses

38
Q

What is a generic medicine

A

A medicine that is the same a the name brand. Cheaper

-Different fro the original manufacturer, but has the same active ingredient

39
Q

What is a active ingredient

A

The main ingreident that is supposed to produce the effect. Gives the medicine the desired effect

40
Q

Give an example of how 2 drugs might interact and cause a problem for the user

A

When two or more drugs or medicines are combined, the effect can be dangerous
Stacking-> the combined effect can be more than double of one drug’s effects. EX: sedatives and alcohol. Antibiotics and birth control

41
Q

What is the difference between over the counter (OTC) medicines and psychoactive drugs

A

OTC- not strong enough to need a prescription

Psychoactive- Powerful enough to work on the receptors in the brain. Strong enough to need a prescription

42
Q

Addiction def

A

A person is both physically and physiologically dependent on the drug. Obtaining and taking the drug becomes more important than any other aspect of the user’s life

43
Q

Pathway to addiction

A
  • Drug abuse
  • Drug tolerance
  • Dependence
  • Addiction
  • Recovery
44
Q

Drug tolerance

A

Needing more a drug to produce the same/desire effect

45
Q

Dependence

A

Physical- Need it to avoid uncomfortable symptoms
Psychological- User relies on the effects of the drug to feel comfortable in many situations like using alcohol at a party or “needing to” get drunk or high to enjoy a social event

46
Q

Recovery

A

The process of becoming physically and psychologically clean from the drug. The psychological cravings and memories or good feelings associated with the drug are what makes recovering addicts return to their drug- also the inability to cope with stress and pain

47
Q

Path of alcohol: mouth

A

(Alcohol is consumed and passes down the esophagus. Esophageal cancer is related to smoking and drinking)

48
Q

Path of alcohol: Stomach

A

(a little alcohol goes through the

stomach walls and into the bloodstream, but most passes into the small intestine. 20% goes through the wall).

49
Q

Path of alcohol: Small intestine

A

Alcohol is rapidly absorbed through
the wasps of the small intestine and into the bloodstream. 80% of the consumed alcohol goes from the small intestine into the bloodstream).

50
Q

Path of alcohol: Bloodstream

A

(the heart pumps the blood (and the alcohol) to all parts of the body).

51
Q

Path of alcohol: Brain

A

(alcohol goes to the brain almost as on as it is consumed. The alcohol keeps passing through the
brain until the liver has had a chance to oxidize it (burn it up). The brain is the most sensitive organ).

52
Q

Path of alcohol: liver

A

(the liver burns up or oxidizes the alcohol at a rate of .5
ounces per hour. This process of oxidation is when the liver changes alcohol into water, carbon dioxide, and energy. The body then eliminates the water by sweating
and urinating, and the carbon dioxide by breathing. This is why it is possible to smell alcohol on the breath of a person who has been drinking. Bi products are water, co2 and energy