Substance Abuse Flashcards
What is substance abuse?
The use of any chemical in a fashion inconsistent with the medical or culturally defined social norms
When does substance dependence occur?
When the individual can no longer control the use of the substance, continues to use despite AE’s, and experiences withdrawal effects without continued use of the drug.
What happens to tolerance as it pertains to substance abuse?
Tolerance continues to grow. You need more and more.
What does the complex, multifactorial process of substance abuse involve?
Biological, genetic, psychological and sociocultural factors
What happens to brain neurotransmissions after repeated detoxifications?
Long term changes in neurotransmissions.
What two things are increased with repeated detoxifications?
Neuron sensitivity increases, cravings for the substance increases
Humans seek ________, avoid ______ and _____.
Pleasure, stress, pain.
Is illicit drug use on the rise or has use declined in recent years?
Illicit drug use is on the rise
What are the risk factors of substance abuse?
- being male
- loneliness, depression, low self-esteem
- family history of addiction
- peer pressure
- presence of mental illness
- lack of family involvement
- using highly addictive drugs
When nursing is impaired what are things that help keep clients safe?
- do not ignore poor performance
- do not lighten or change the nurses’ client assignment
- do not accept excuses
- Do not allow yourself to be manipulated or fear confronting a nurse of client safety is in jeopardy
Why are nurses at a high risk for substance abuse?
Because of frequent contact with drugs
What do clinical manifestations depend on?
-amount, frequency, specific combinations of substances used
How many mg of caffeine is considered excessive?
600 mg
What does caffeine act as?
A diuretic
What is the action of caffeine?
Increases heart rate, and has other negative cardiac effects
