Substance Abuse

Question 1

Name the class C and B drugs?

Answer 1

Class B: Cannabis, barbituates, amphetamine
Class C: Benzo’s, Ket, GHB (sedatives)

The rest are Class A

Question 2

Which drugs causes the following effects: euphoria, intense relaxation, miosis, drowsiness, nausea, itching?

Answer 2

Heroin

Any route of adminstration.

Tolerance built and lost quickly therefore high risk for OD.

Withdrawal (think trainspotting)

Question 3

Which drugs causes the following effects: increased energy and decreased need for sleep, alertness, confidence, well-being, euphoria, impulsivity?

Answer 3

Cocaine or amphetamines (last longer)

Oral, nasal, smoked or IV.

Crash after effects wear off.

Advere effects include, impaired judgement, anxiety and arrhythmias.

Question 4

Which drugs causes the following effects: rush of intoxication – euphoria, sociability, intimacy, heightened perceptions, increased energy?

Answer 4

Ecstasy/MDMA

Other effects include tacycardia, increased BP, dehydration and teeth clenching.

Question 5

Which drugs causes the following effects: euphoria, detachment, sense of novelty/wonder, synaesthesia, visual distortion?

Answer 5

Hallucinogens: LSD/Shrooms

Symptoms described are of a good trip. May have a bad trip.

Long term effects include: flashbacks, persisting mood swings, anxiety, depression, psychosis

Question 6

Which drugs causes the following effects: mild euphoria, relaxation, distorted perceptions, altered time,
increased appetite and pulse?

Answer 6

Cannabis links to psychosis.

Question 7

Which drugs causes the following effects: euphoria, disinhibition, visual misperceptions
slurred speech, ataxia, blurred vision

Answer 7

Solvents (sniffing glue)

Risks: headache, cardiac arrest, aspiration, sudden death

Question 8

Which drugs are used in opiod withdrawal?

Answer 8

Detox and maintenance: Methadone

Naltrexone = rehab prevention

Question 9

What are the different psychological approaches which can be used to help treat substance abuse?

Answer 9

Supportive psychotherapy
Motivational Interviewing
CBT
Marital therapy / family therapy
Social skills training (e.g. How to decline the offer of drink)
Assertiveness training

Question 10

What are the 4 steps in motivational interviewing?

Answer 10

1. Establish rapport and facilitate patient’s story
2. Elicit priorities to set an agenda
3. Facilitate change talk
4. Offer advice with the patient’s permission