Substance abuse

Question 1

Substance and abuse Principles

Answer 1

1. Biological, Genetic, pharmacological
2. Cultural factors
3. social Factors
4. contextual factors

Question 2

Licit

Answer 2

(legal) Coffee, tea, caffeine, tobacco

Question 3

Illicit

Answer 3

(illegal) Marijuana, cocaine, LSD

Question 4

Psychoactive

Answer 4

Classified as either licit or illicit

Question 5

Synthetic/designer drug

Answer 5

Created using man-made chemicals rather than natural ingredients (ecstasy, MDMA)

Question 6

What impact has the media had on substance abuse

Answer 6

Music influencers. movies, tv, commercials, and comedians

Question 7

Why do people begin to use drugs

Answer 7

they help with relaxation, tension, relieve, anxiety

Question 8

When does it lead to abuse

Answer 8

Motive

Excessive use, worry about availability, reliance, and refusal to admit

Question 9

carrer pattern of addiction

Answer 9

1. experimentation
2. escalation: increasing use
3. maintenance: belief that is fits in well to day to day goals
4. dysfunction: problems w use interfering with day to day goals
5. recovery: getting out of drug use
6. ex-addict

Question 10

psychological explanation

Answer 10

1. inability to cope with anxiety
2. blindly using drugs without want to understand the harmful effects of drug use
3. Self Medicating

Question 11

Schedule 1

Answer 11

Substnaces have high-abuse potential and no currently approved medicinal uses

Question 12

Schedule 2

Answer 12

high-abuse potential but are approved for medical uses and can be prescribed (oxycodone, and fentanyl)

Question 13

Schedule 3-5

Answer 13

substances reflect the likeli

Question 14

FDA steps to new drug

Answer 14

Step1: preclincial research and development
Step2: clinical research and development
Step3: permission to market

Question 15

How to prevent drug use

Answer 15

1. supply reduction
   2: inoculation: aims to protect drug users by teaching them responsibility and explaining the effects of drugs on bodily and mental functioning
2. demand Reduction: aims to reduce the actual demand for drugs

Question 16

CNS (central)

Answer 16

receives input from all sensory systems and cereal cortec

, includes the brain and spinal cord
,
made of the basal ganglia, limbic system, and the. hypothalamus

Question 17

PNS (periphial)

Answer 17

Input: to brain and spinal cord (conveys sensory info, pain and pressure)

Output: somatic (voluntary Movement) and autonomic (involuntary movement)

Question 18

Agonist

Answer 18

substances or drugs that activate receptors

Question 19

Antagonist

Answer 19

substances or drugs that attach to receptors and prevent them from activating

Question 20

Homeostasis

Answer 20

Internal and external changes in the environment

Body self-regulates via nervous system and endocrine system

equilibrium

Question 21

Neurotransmitter

Answer 21

CHemical messengers that travel and attach to receiving proteins called receptors on target calls

Question 22

Plateau effect

Answer 22

the maximum effect a drug can have regardless of the dose

Question 23

Cross-tolerance

Answer 23

development of tolerance to one drug causes tolerance to related drugs

Question 24

potency

Answer 24

amount of drug necessary to cause an effect

Question 25

toxicity

Answer 25

the capacity of a drug to do damage or cause adverse effects in the body

Question 26

Margin of safety

Answer 26

the range in dose between the amount of drug necessary in order to cause a therapeutic effect and toxic effect

Question 27

dose response

Answer 27

the relationship between dose and concentration many factors can affect the way an individual repsonds to a drug, depending on dose, tolerance, and potency

Question 28

Cumulative effect

Answer 28

the build up of drug concentration in the body due to multiple doses taken within short intervals when the body is unable to metabolize the substance properly before the next dose

Question 29

Dose response factors

Answer 29

form of the drug rate of absorption rate metabolized eliminated

Question 30

Drug misuse

Answer 30

the use of a substance for a purpose not consistent with legal or Medical guidelines negtive impact on health or functioning causes: family history of addiction, peer pressure, early use, mental health disorder

Question 31

Five stages of drug dependence

Answer 31

1. Physical dependence 2. withdrawl and rebound 3. psychological dependence 4. craving

Question 32

Four methods of administration

Answer 32

1. smoking 2. intravenous 3. snorting 4. oral