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Bio 102/ Schwartz > Subphylum Vertebrata > Flashcards

Subphylum Vertebrata Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is herpetology?

A

The study of reptiles.

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2
Q

What are the four membranes of the Amniotic “shelled” egg?

A

Chorion
Amnion
Yolk sac
Allantois

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3
Q

What is the chorion?

A

The outermost layer of the Amniotic Egg. Allows gas exchange.

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4
Q

What is the amnion?

A

One of the four membranes of the Amniotic egg. Encases embryo in fluid-filled cavity.

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the yolk sac?

A

Provides food.

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6
Q

What is the allantois?

A

Contains excreted wastes from embryo.

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7
Q

What were the 1st reptiles in fossil record?

A

Lizards

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8
Q

What do lizards use for camouflaging?

A

Chromatophores

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9
Q

What makes up 50% of the living reptiles?

A

Lizards

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10
Q

Why did birds and mammals survive the extinction?

A

Bc they were small and warm blooded.

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11
Q

Why did smaller reptiles survive in warmer climates?

A

Bc they could hibernate and required less food.

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12
Q

Are reptiles cold or warm blooded?

A

Cold

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13
Q

What’s the world’s largest lizard?

A

Komodo Dragoon- Monitor Lizard

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14
Q

What did snakes evolve from?

A

Lizards

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15
Q

What’s the #1 snake bite in SC?

A

Copperhead

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16
Q

Which snake has heat sensitive pits and elliptical pupils?

A

Copperhead

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17
Q

Which snakes have collapsible fangs?

A

Rattlesnake, Copperhead, Water Moccasin

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18
Q

What’s another name for the Water Moccasin?

A

Cottonmouth

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19
Q

Which snake is the most toxic species in the US?

A

Coral Snake

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20
Q

What kind of affect does the neurotoxin do?

A

Rapidly spreads in body affecting breathing.

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21
Q

What examples are there of snakes with fixed (non-collapsible) fang vipers?

A

Coral Snake & Cobra

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22
Q

Which snake is known for being nonpoisonous?

A

Milk Snake

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23
Q

What snake is the world’s largest poisonous snake?

A

King Cobra

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24
Q

What is the main difference between turtles and tortoises?

A

Turtles are aquatic. Tortoises are land dwellers.

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25
Q

What is the world’s largest turtle?

A

Leatherback Turtle

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26
Q

What’s the world’s largest tortoise?

A

Galapagos Tortoise

27
Q

What are alligators and crocodiles hunted for?

A

Leather-like skin

28
Q

When do alligators and crocodiles hibernate?

A

In the winter

29
Q

What are some characteristics of an alligator’s structure?

A

Have a rounded mouth, even teeth, and a smooth eye lid.

30
Q

What are some characteristics of a crocodile’s structure?

A

Crocodiles have a more pointed mouth, a serious overbite, and a lobe of tissue over their eye lid and tympana.

31
Q

What does the Class Aves consist of?

A

The birds

32
Q

What is ornithology?

A

The study of birds

33
Q

What did the birds evolve from?

A

The reptiles

34
Q

What is the oldest bird in the fossil record and has reptilian characteristics?

A

Archaopteryx

35
Q

What kind of fertilization takes places for reptiles?

A

Internal fertilization

36
Q

What is sexual dimorphism?

A

Difference between male and female appearance

37
Q

What is the flight of a feather?

A

Extends beyond body (wings & tail)

38
Q

What is the contour of a feather?

A

Form to the shape of the body.

39
Q

What is the down of a feather?

A

Feather underwear

40
Q

What is the preening of a feather?

A

Arranging feathers

41
Q

What is the largest bird in the world?

A

Ostrich

42
Q

What is the smallest bird in the world?

A

Hummingbird

43
Q

What are the three classes of the Subphylum Vertebrata?

A

Class Reptilia
Class Aves
Class Mammalia

44
Q

What is Ratite?

A

Nonflying birds

45
Q

What of blood cells do birds have?

A

Nucleated blood cells (mitosis)

46
Q

What does Class Mammalia have to protect their body?

A

Hair

47
Q

What are the three ways mammals reproduce?

A

Egg laying: Monotremes.
Pouched: Marsupials.
Internally developed Placenta

48
Q

What are monotremes?

A

The egg laying mammals

49
Q

What is the most famous member of this group?

A

DuckBilled Platypus

50
Q

What’s unique about the platypus?

A

It shows characteristics of its reptilian ancestors and is considered a transition organism.

51
Q

What other mammal is known for being an egg laying mammal?

A

The Spiney Anteater/ Echidna

52
Q

What are Marsupials?

A

The pouched mammals

53
Q

What are the most successful group of mammals?

A

The placentals

54
Q

Where are most species of marsupials found?

A

Australia and New Zealand

55
Q

What glands secrete oil to protect the hair and skin of mammals?

A

Sebaceous glands

56
Q

What is the world’s largest animal in the world?

A

Blue whale

57
Q

What are Ungulates?

A

Hoofed mammals

58
Q

What are examples of ungulates?

A

Horses, cattle, hogs, & deers

59
Q

What are carnivores?

A

Predaceous meat eaters.

60
Q

What are cetaceans? What are some examples?

A

Marine mammals; Whales and Dolphins

61
Q

What are chiroptera? Example?

A

Flying mammals; bats

62
Q

What are some examples of rodents?

A

Rats, squirrels, and beavers.

63
Q

What are proboscideans?

A

Trunked mammals

64
Q

What’s the largest land mammals?

A

Proboscideans

Bio 102/ Schwartz (7 decks)

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