Submandibular

Question 1

What is the function of the digastric muscle?

Answer 1

depresses mandible and elevates hyoid

Question 2

The two bellies of digastric are connected by…?

Answer 2

a central tendon, which has a fascial sling around it

Question 3

What is the ascending order of the branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 3

superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, occipital, posterior auricular, maxillary, superficial temporal

Question 4

What is the origin, insertion and action of the mylohyoid muscle?

Answer 4

origin: mylohyoid line of mandible
insertion: midline raphe + body of hyoid
action: elevates tongue, depresses mandible, elevates and pulls hyoid forward

Question 5

What is the origin and insertion of the digastric?

Answer 5

origin: anterior belly originates from digastric fossa of mandible; posterior belly originates from mastoid process
Insertion: central tendon on hyoid bone

Question 6

What is the origin, insertion and action of the stylohyoid muscle?

Answer 6

Origin: styloid process
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: elevation and retraction of hyoid, assists in depressing mandible

Question 7

What is the origin and action of the genioglossus muscle?

Answer 7

Origin: mental spine of mental symphysis
Action: protrudes and depresses tongue

Question 7

What is the origin, insertion and action of the geniohyoid muscle?

Answer 7

Origin: mental spine
Insertion: body of hyoid bone
Action: depresses mandible and elevates hyoid

Question 8

What is the origin, insertion and action of the sternohyoid muscle?

Answer 8

Origin: posterior and superior surfaces of sternum
Insertion: body of hyoid bone
Action: aids in phonation and swallowing, regulates position of hyoid bone

Question 9

What is the origin, insertion and action of the sternothyroid muscle?

Answer 9

Origin: posterior surface of sternum (deep and medial to sternohyoid)
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Action: aids in phonation and swallowing by regulating position of thyroid cartilage and larynx

Question 10

What is the origin, insertion and action of the thyrohyoid muscle?

Answer 10

Origin: thyroid cartilage
Insertion: body and greater cornu of hyoid bone
Action: elevation of larynx during swallowing, regulating position of hyoid bone

Question 11

What is the origin, insertion and action of the omohyoid muscle?

Answer 11

Origin: scapula
Insertion: lateral border of body of hyoid bone
Action: depression and regulation of hyoid and larynx during phonation and swallowing

Question 12

What is the origin and action of the hyoglossus?

Answer 12

Origin: hyoid bone
Action: projects tongue downwards, retracts and depresses sides of tongue

Question 13

What is the origin and action of the palatoglossus muscle?

Answer 13

Origin: soft palate
Action: elevates posterior of tongue

Question 14

What is the origin and action of the styloglossus muscle?

Answer 14

Origin: styloid process
Action: retraction and elevation of tongue

Question 15

Name the four types of intrinsic muscles within the tongue. What are their functions?

Answer 15

Vertical, transverse, superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal
Alter shape of tongue

Question 16

Which nerves supply the tongue muscles?

Answer 16

Hypoglossal n. supplies all apart from palatoglossus

Palatoglossus supplied by vagus n.

Question 17

Which nerves supply the tongue muscles?

Answer 17

Hypoglossal n. supplies all apart from palatoglossus

Palatoglossus supplied by vagus n.

Question 18

Where does the submandibular duct open into the mouth?

Answer 18

Sublingual papilla under tongue