Subjunctive Flashcards
Subjunctive tenses
Present, perfect, imperfect, pluperfect
When is the present and perfect subjunctive used?
Everyday written and spoken french
When is the imperfect and pluperfect subjunctive used?
Literary and formal texts
How to form present subjunctive
Take third person plural form of indicative present, remove -ent add subjunctive endings
Present subjunctive endings
e, es, e, ions, iez, ent
Avoir subjunctive endings
aie, aies, ait, ayons, ayez, aient
Être subjunctive endings
sois, sois, soit, soyons, soyez, soient
Stem for pouvoir
Puiss
Stem for faire
Fass
Stem for savoir
Sach
Aller je vs nous
j’aille vs nous allions
Valoir je vs nous
je vaille vs nous valions
Vouloir je vs nous
je veuille vs nous voulions
Boire all vs nous/vous
je boive vs nous buvions
Croire all vs nous/vous
je croie vs nous croyions
Devoir all vs nous/vous
je doive vs nous devions
Mourir all vs nous/vous
je meure vs nous mourions
Prendre all vs nous/vous
je prenne vs nous prenions
Recevoir all vs nous/vous
je reçoive vs nous recevions
Tenir all vs nous/vous
je tienne vs nous tenions
Venir all vs nous/vous
je vienne vs nous venions
Voir all vs nous/vous
je voie vs nous voyions
Verbs which end in ier end with?
-ii- plus endings in nous/vous forms
How to form perfect subjunctive?
Auxiliary = present subjunctive + past participle
Falloir
Faut
What does the subjunctive mood present the utterance as?
Interpretative, inactualized, uncertain, imagined
What does the subjunctive mood express?
Attitudes, feelings, judgements
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: j’aimerais que
Desire
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: nous tenons à ce que
Wish
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: ils veulent bien que
Will
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: il vaudrait mieux que
Preference
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: je recommande que
Recommendation
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: il exige que
Demand
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: elle craint que
Fear
What triggers the subjunctive after these phrases: je doute que/ça m’étonnerait que
Doubt
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: je n’arrive pas à croire que
Disbelief
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: je nie que
Denial
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: ils refusent que
Refusal
What triggers the subjunctive after this phrase: je ne permets pas que
Prohibition
Will expressions of feelings/sentiments trigger the subjunctive?
Yes
If an event is probably going to happen what mood is used?
Indicative
If an event is improbable or only possible what mood is used?
Subjunctive
What mood do impersonal expressions of necessity require?
The subjunctive
Il semble que +
Subjunctive (uncertainty)
Il me semble que +
Indicative (opinion)
Il me semble important/difficile/etc +
Subjunctive (sentiment)
For verbs of thinking, when is the indicative/subjunctive used?
The indicative is used when they are in the affirmative, the subjunctive is used when they are in the negative/interrogative
What are some goal themed conjunctions which trigger the subjunctive?
pour que, afin que, de sorte que
What are some restriction themed conjunctions which trigger the subjunctive?
sans que, à moins que
What are some concession themed conjunctions which trigger the subjunctive?
quoique, bien que
What are some condition themed conjunctions which trigger the subjunctive?
pourvu que, à condition que
What are some time with end-goal themed conjunctions which trigger the subjunctive?
en attendant que, jusqu’à ce que
What are some fear themed conjunctions which trigger the subjunctive?
de peur que, de crainte que
Avant que +
Subjunctive
Après que +
Indicative
Which structures trigger the pleonastic ‘ne’
avant que, sans que, à moins que, jusqu’à ce que, de crainte que, de peur que, craindre que, avoir peur que
What doesn’t the pleonastic ‘ne’ do?
It does not denote a negation and it is never compulsory to include
When is the infinitive used instead of the subjunctive?
When the subject of the dependent clause is the same as the subject of the main clause
When the infinitive is used rather than the subjunctive what changes in the prepositional phrases?
‘Que’ becomes ‘de’
Three main antecedent triggers of the subjunctive
When the antecedent is inactualized, superlative or an indefinite pronoun
Which words trigger the subjunctive?
Whether, whoever, wherever, whatever, however
