subjunctiv Flashcards
indicitive mood
assertion, denial, question (i am, i am not, am i?)
imperative
subject is understood, command, entreaty, prohibition, advice
subjuntive mood
indicitive + ?, wishes, hopes, fears, surprises, anything with a little doubt or contrary to fact- used to interject own opinion, desire, emotion, or uncertainty (more common to west african french) - marker of class/education
infinitive mood
action or state of verb (to + _____) can be complimentary infinitive, J’aime être…. without reference to any subject when complimentary (but compliments verb before it)
examples of english subjunctive
Long Live the Queen (vs. saying The Queen Lives Long.) take off the s because we’re expressing a wish (we hope that she lives long, but there’s not certainty)
God Bless you (God blesses you)
students be on time to class vs. are on time to class
he become vs. he becomes
how to form subjuntive in english
3rd person singular- second part is dependent
how to form subjuntive in french for je, tu, il/elle/on- regular
ils form of present indicative tense, remove -ent
add e for je, il/elle/on forms (parle)
add -es for tu form
how to form subjuntive in french Il/elles form- regular
unchanged from present tense form
nous form- regular
-ions ending (same as in imparfait)
vous form- regular
-iez ending, same as in imparfait
spelling changes in
acheter( achèt), prendre( prenn), boire (boiv), venir (vienn) same form as imparfait
conditionnel
infinitive (re takes off final e)
imparfait
nous stem, minus -ons
2 stems: appeler
que j’appelle, que nous appelions
7 irregular verbs
avoir, être, aller, faire, pouvoir, savoir, vouloir
2 stems: comprendre
que je comprenne, que nous comprenions
2 stems: croire
que je croie, que nous croyions
2 stems: devenir
que je devienne, que nous devenions
2 stems: devoir
que je doive, que nous devions
3 rules of subjuntive
always in 2nd part of sentence, following QUE, the subjects in 2 parts of the sentence must be different, certain expressions trigger subjuntive
2 stems: essayer
que j’essaie, que nous essayions
volition, opinion, obligation (gray areas and overlap)
il (ne) faut (pas) que, Il vaut mieux que, Il (n’)est (pas) nécessaire/important que, aimer mieux que, désirer que, préférer que, vouloir que
2 stems: payer
que je paie, que nous payions
2 stems: préférer
que je préfère, que nous préférions
avoiding subjuntive
il faut + infinitive (impersonal expression- not translated as he) it is necessary…. but you can’t use another subject afterwards
2 stems: recevoir
que je reçoive, que nous recevions
2 stems: voir
que je voie, que nous voyions
avant que+ subjonctif
before
bien que + subjonctif
although
jusqu’à ce que + subjonctif
until
pour que + subjonctif
so that
quoique + subjonctif
although
sans que + subjonctif
without
