subject content and history Flashcards
define forensic science
- The application of scientific methods and techniques to issues or matters under investigation by a court of law
- The application of science to criminal and civil laws during criminal investigations, as governed by the legal standards of admissible evidence and criminal procedure
why do we need forensic science
as a normal court witness can only provide subjective evidence, whereas a forensic scientist can work as an expert witness for a stronger piece of evidence
when and who discovered that heart rates increased when a person lied
250BC - Erasistratus (an ancient Greek physician)
what is the bloody sickle story called, explain it and when it occurred
the Story of Sung Tzu; in 1235 a murder was committed using a sickle, so all those in the village who owned one were made to bring them out and lay them in the sun. Eventually flies gathered on the murder weapon
who was the first professor to make notes about fingerprint ridges and when
1686 - Marcello Malpighi
when and who was the first to use bullet comparison
1835 - Henry Goddard of Scotland yard
who is the founder of toxicology
Mathieu Orfila
who is the founder of criminal identification
Alphonse Bertillon
who is the founder of fingerprinting
Francis Galton
who is the founder of blood grouping
Leone Lattes
who wrote the first book describing the application of scientific disciplines to the field of criminal investigation
Hans Gross
who is the founder of the first forensic laboratory in Lyons and has a very famous principle
Edmond Locard
what year was the first forensic laboratory opened
1910
what year did the USA develop its federal Bureau of Investigation
1932
what year did the UK Metropolitan Police Laboratory open
1935
what year did the Forensic Science Service (FSS) become an executive agency of the home office
1991
give a few examples of what can be done in a forensic laboratory
administration
biology
DNA
trace evidence
toxicology
chemistry
