Subcultures

Question 1

Subcultures

Answer 1

A group of students whose n&v=diff to rest of skl
Pro-school: Committed to values of schools/gain status through academic success (largely m/c)
Anti-school: Resist school values/have been labelled as failures/low self-esteem (mainly w/c)

Question 2

Hargreaves

Answer 2

English boys comprehensive- Found lower stream skl boys rejected academic values+standards of behaviour expected by school-hence dvlped counter-culture. Research generalisable to boys-can assume boys=ml to join AS subcultures.

Question 3

Eval for Hargreaves

Answer 3

+ Lacey: found similar culture in grammar schools- appeared that streaming=put students off learning.
- Ball: When schools abolished streaming -basis for pupils to polarise =removed- no streaming- no AS sub- research=out of date

Question 4

Mac an Ghaill

Answer 4

Research-different subculture types-schools-on boys.
Academic achievers: m/c- focus-achieving good grades - traditional academic subjects- main way-achieve upwards social mobility
New enterprisers: w/c, pro-school but see trad subjects as waste of time- focus on others-business /history
Real Englishmen: m/c- anti-school-still good grades- tutors/pushed at home
Macho lads: w/c- join AS subc- lack any form of success/education
Gay: Schools=homophobic- neg view/ critical

Question 5

Hollingworth and Williams

Answer 5

White AS subcultures- now seen-chavs- not lads - m/c= wider variety of subc e.g. skater,emo,hippie

Question 6

Ward

Answer 6

Research- south wales- identified additional subc for w/c- the ‘geeks’- tended to reject trad w/c culture & achieved high grades- winning support from teachers- almost all went uni- rejected trad w/c culture - value edu + see as pathway to success + achievement